基于海绵城市理念的低影响开发雨水系统构建与管理机制研究

发布时间：2018-04-03 14:50

本文选题：海绵城市　切入点：低影响开发　出处：《西安理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前城市的高速发展,使得地表不透水面积越来越大,这就改变了城市降雨过程中雨水自然入渗的过程,从而对城市雨水径流的水文、水质情况造成了负面影响,当暴雨来临时,城市内涝以及水体水质恶化等一系列环境问题也随之产生。低影响开发系统通过汇集入渗的形式将城市降雨径流从源头上进行消纳吸收,这样不但缓解了城市化造成的城市内涝问题,而且在一定程度上补充了地下水,因此在海绵城市建设中,低影响开发系统越来越受到重视。本文通过研究低影响开发系统中下沉式绿地对雨水径流量削减和污染物去除作用,取得以下研究成果:(1)通过学习海绵城市的理念,研究低影响开发雨水系统的模式,设计并修建两套.低影响开发雨水系统。系统A为下沉式绿地和渗水井的结合,其中下沉式绿地面积为2Om2,内部设计两个直径60cm,深120cm的渗水井,两个渗水井采用不同规格的填料进行填充;系统B为下沉式绿地和渗水渠的结合,其中下沉式绿地面积为50m2,内部设计一条5. 5m宽1m深lm的渗水渠,渠底部设计集水槽,上层采用不同规格的填料进行填充。系统A和系统B表层均覆盖一定厚度的土层并种植草皮。(2)两套系统对监测期内降雨平均径流量削减率分别为84.5%和89. 2%,对平均峰值流量削减率分别为88. 4%和91%。(3)监测期内不同降雨场次,两套系统对于降雨径流中SS的平均去除率分别为64. 5%和65. 2%;对于径流雨水TP平均去除率分别为49. 6%和43%;对于COD平均去除率分别为52. 8%和52. 3%;对于TN平均去除率分别为71%和61. 3%;对于NH4+-N平均去除率分别为66%和53. 3%。两套系统对于下渗雨水TP平均去除率分别为83. 5%和58. 9%; COD平均去除率分别为80%和77. 9%; TN平均去除率分别为74%和62%; NH4+-N平均去除率分别为82. 3%和79. 6%。(4)对于低影响开发系统,政府及有关部门应该加强雨水收集利用的立法工作,尽快完善法规体系建设,加强政策引导,使低影响开发系统步入法制化和正规化的轨道;同时应通过各种渠道普及相关知识,转变公众观念,提高群众参与的积极性,促进节水型社会的建设。
[Abstract]:At present, with the rapid development of cities, the area of surface impermeability is becoming larger and larger. This has changed the process of Rain Water's natural infiltration in the process of urban rainfall, which has had a negative impact on the hydrology and water quality of the urban Rain Water runoff.When the rainstorm comes, a series of environmental problems such as urban waterlogging and water quality deterioration also arise.The low-impact development system absorbs the urban rainfall runoff from the source by collecting the infiltration, which not only alleviates the urban waterlogging problem caused by urbanization, but also replenishes the groundwater to some extent.Therefore, in sponge city construction, low impact development system has been paid more and more attention.In this paper, by studying the effects of sunken green space on the runoff reduction and pollutant removal of Rain Water in the low impact development system, the following research results were obtained: 1) by studying the concept of sponge city, we studied the mode of low impact development of Rain Water system.Design and build two sets.Low impact development Rain Water system.System A is the combination of submerged greenbelt and permeable well, in which the area of sunken greenbelt is 2Om2, the inner design is two diameters of 60 cm, the depth of 120cm is 60 cm, and the two wells are filled with different specifications of fillers.System B is the combination of submerged greenbelt and seeping canal, in which the area of sunken greenbelt is 50 m2, and the inner design is 5. 5%.The seeping canal with 5m width 1m deep and lm deep is designed to collect water at the bottom of the canal, and the upper layer is filled with different fillers of different specifications.System A and system B cover a certain thickness of soil layer and plant sod. 2) the average rainfall runoff reduction rate of system A and system B are 84.5% and 89% respectively during the monitoring period.The reduction rates of the average peak flow were 88. 3% respectively.During the monitoring period, the average removal rate of SS in the two systems was 64.5 percent and 65 percent.The average removal rate of Rain Water TP for runoff was 49. 5%.The average removal rate of COD was 52. 2% for 6% and 43% for COD, respectively.8 percent and 52 percent.The average removal rate of TN was 71% and 61% respectively.The average removal rate of NH4-N was 66% and 53% respectively.Three.The average removal rate of Rain Water TP in the two systems was 83. 3% respectively.5 percent and 58 percent.The average removal rate of COD was 80% and 77% respectively.The average removal rate of TN was 74% and 62%, respectively, and the average removal rate of NH4-N was 82%.3 percent and 79 percent.For the low impact development system, the government and relevant departments should strengthen the legislative work collected and utilized by Rain Water, improve the construction of the legal system as soon as possible, strengthen the policy guidance, and make the low impact development system enter the track of legalization and formalization;At the same time, we should popularize the relevant knowledge through various channels, change the public concept, improve the enthusiasm of the masses to participate, and promote the construction of water-saving society.
【学位授予单位】：西安理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU992;TV213.9

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