昆明市水资源短缺空间格局综合分析

发布时间：2018-04-09 04:05

本文选题：水资源匹配　切入点：水资源短缺　出处：《长江科学院院报》2017年08期

【摘要】：水资源短缺是影响昆明市区域经济高速、稳定发展的核心问题之一。依据2001—2012年《昆明市水资源公报》数据,采用基尼系数、人均水资源量、水资源开发利用率、水资源负载指数等方法分别对昆明市的水资源变化趋势、时空分布特征、匹配性、短缺格局进行分析。研究结果表明:昆明市人均水资源量不及云南省及全国平均水平,且内部差异明显,多年平均人均水资源量极值比高达10.78,最少的地区为主城四区(299 m~3/人);水资源量与GDP、人口匹配性较差,与耕地匹配性相对较好;昆明市水资源主要呈现出"南缺北丰"格局,且缺水地区数量不断增多,多数地区缺水等级逐渐加重。雨洪利用、多方面节水、跨区域调水、产业结构调整等是缓解昆明市水资源短缺的有效措施。
[Abstract]:Water shortage is one of the core problems affecting the rapid and stable development of regional economy in Kunming.According to the data of Kunming Water Resources Bulletin from 2001 to 2012, using Gini coefficient, per capita water resources quantity, utilization ratio of water resources development, water resources load index and so on, the variation trend and temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of water resources in Kunming are analyzed respectively.Matching, shortage pattern analysis.The results show that the per capita water resources in Kunming are lower than the average of Yunnan Province and the whole country, and the internal differences are obvious.The ratio of per capita water resources per capita to extreme value is as high as 10.78, the least area is the four districts of the main city, the area is 299mt / man, the quantity of water resources and GDPs is poor, the matching ability with cultivated land is relatively good, the water resources of Kunming City mainly presents the pattern of "north abundant in south".And the number of water shortage areas is increasing, and the water shortage grade in most areas is gradually aggravated.Rainwater utilization, water saving in many aspects, trans-regional water transfer and industrial structure adjustment are effective measures to alleviate water shortage in Kunming.
【作者单位】：中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所陆地水循环及地表过程重点实验室;中国科学院大学资源与环境学院;
【基金】：国家科技重大专项项目(2013ZX07102-006-04)
【分类号】：TV213.4

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