小浪底水库溯源冲刷效率评估试验

发布时间：2018-04-09 18:16

本文选题：溯源冲刷预测　切入点：库容恢复率　出处：《水科学进展》2016年05期

【摘要】：水库溯源冲刷试验是评估在水库速降水位过程中,结合工程控制条件、水沙条件、冲刷时机和初始水库蓄水条件等因素,研究支流拦门沙坎破坏程度对干流溯源冲刷的影响。采用按照水库高含沙模型相似律建立的小浪底水库实体模型开展了4个组次的水库降水库区发生溯源冲刷的试验,第1~4组次库容恢复率依次为11.6%、6.8%、12.2%和6.6%。拦门沙坎破坏越严重,水量越大,库区溯源冲刷量越大,库容恢复率大;侵蚀基准面越低,库区溯源冲刷量大,库容恢复率大;库区淤积量42.00亿m~3时采用降低水位引起库区发生溯源冲刷优于库区淤积量32.00亿m~3。对原有的陕西水利科学研究所与清华大学的逐日溯源冲刷公式在考虑支流促因的基础上进行了改进,说明支流蓄水量进入干流越多,引起支流口以下的干流河段冲刷量越大,其计算结果与实测值满足生产实践精度,可作为多沙河流水库调水调沙方案制定参考。
[Abstract]:The scour test of reservoir traceability is to evaluate the influence of failure degree of branch bar on traceability of main stream in the process of rapid water level drop in reservoir, combined with engineering control condition, water and sediment condition, scour time and initial reservoir water storage condition and so on.The model of Xiaolangdi reservoir based on the similarity law of high sediment content model is used to carry out the experiment of tracing erosion in the precipitation reservoir area of 4 groups. The recovery rate of reservoir capacity of the first and fourth groups is 11.60.82% and 6.6% respectively.The more serious the damage is, the greater the amount of water, the larger the amount of traceability scour, the greater the recovery rate of reservoir capacity, the lower the base level of erosion, the larger the amount of traceability scour and the greater the recovery rate of reservoir capacity.The sediment amount of 4.2 billion m ~ 3 in the reservoir area is better than that in the reservoir area by reducing the water level and causing traceability erosion of the reservoir area, which is 3.2 billion mm3.Based on the improvement of the original formula of daily traceability erosion of Shaanxi Institute of Water Conservancy Science and Tsinghua University, it is shown that the more the water storage of tributaries enters the main stream, the greater the amount of scour in the main stream below the tributaries is caused by the consideration of the promoting factors of the tributaries.The calculated results and the measured values can meet the practical production accuracy and can be used as a reference for the water and sediment transfer and sediment regulation schemes of many sediment rivers and reservoirs.
【作者单位】：武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室;黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51309110) 黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院院所基金资助项目(HKY-JBYW-2014-01)~~
【分类号】：TV145

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