泥浆筑坝机的研制开发及特性分析

发布时间：2018-04-20 12:50

本文选题：泥浆筑坝机研发 + 机架模态分析　；参考：《西安理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：位于我国西北部的黄土高原地区,生态环境恶劣,植被覆盖率低,导致了水土资源的严重流失,治理黄土高原的水土流失问题便成为一个重要的课题。建设淤地坝是解决水土流失问题的一个重要方法,它能使水土环境得到有效的改善,阻绝了黄土高原的泥沙沿沟渠流入黄河,可实现环境与社会建设的友好发展。建设淤地坝的传统方法有碾压法和水坠法,其中水坠法的工艺简单,施工方法便于掌握,得到的坝体有良好的属性,且具有建造成本的优势,因而被广泛推广使用。但是,用水坠法建坝在坝址选择方面有局限性,施工中人员的劳动强度大,工作环境差,施工安全系数低。为了解决水坠法建坝中存在的缺点,实现淤地坝建设的机械化、自动化,泥浆泵筑坝就被提出来,为此需要开发一款适应该方法发展的机械设备。本文结合了泥浆筑坝机的研制开发,对泥浆筑坝机进行了整机、关键零部件的特性分析及试验研究，，确保该机器能够安全、高效、可靠的运行。根据泥浆泵筑坝法的工艺对所痛机器提出的要求,设计开发了一种达到该要求的泥浆筑坝机，并提出了几种设计方案并加以验证:利用Ansys Workbench有限元分析方法，对筑坝机的机架进行了模态分析,获得了固有频率,固有振型,并依据分析结果对机架进行了改进:分析了泥浆搅拌-输送泵转子的动态特性,得到了转子的固有频率、固有振型及临界转速等,设定合理的转速范围;通过试验分析各个设计方案优劣,在试验中验证整机的固有频率与分析得到结果之间的准确性,并确定机器的使用参数。分析结果表明,泥浆筑坝机最终方案中机架的固有频率分布离散,重点区间内固有频率较少,模态耦合发生的可能性较低,各阶频率所对应的模态振型表现为摆动或弯曲，但主要结构并未受影响,第四阶模态固有频率为28.13Hz、第五阶固有频率为29.99Hz较为接近，所设定转子转速可避开该段频率:泥浆搅拌-输送泵转子的设定转速低于临界转速,满足与临界转速余量的要求。试验观察分析结果表明,采用直线往复式振动筛,结构简单，工作过程平稳:采用螺旋-涡旋复合泵可实现高浓度、大流量泥浆的输送,是一种较为理想的泥浆输送泵。
[Abstract]:The poor ecological environment and low vegetation coverage in the Loess Plateau in the northwestern part of China lead to the serious loss of soil and water resources. Therefore, it is an important task to control the soil and water loss in the Loess Plateau. The construction of silt dam is an important method to solve the problem of soil and water loss. It can effectively improve the soil and water environment, prevent sediment from flowing into the Yellow River along the channel of the Loess Plateau, and realize the friendly development of environmental and social construction. The traditional methods of building silt dam include roller compaction method and water drop method, among which the water drop method is simple, the construction method is easy to grasp, the obtained dam body has good properties and has the advantage of construction cost, so it is widely used. However, there are some limitations in dam construction with water drop method, such as large labor intensity, poor working environment and low construction safety coefficient. In order to solve the shortcomings of water drop method in dam construction and realize mechanization and automation of silt dam construction, mud pump dam construction is proposed. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a mechanical equipment suitable for the development of this method. Combined with the research and development of mud dam construction machine, this paper has carried on the characteristic analysis and experimental research of the mud dam construction machine, key parts and components, to ensure that the machine can operate safely, efficiently and reliably. According to the requirements of the mud pump damming process to the machine, a mud dam construction machine is designed and developed, and several design schemes are put forward and verified: using Ansys Workbench finite element analysis method, The modal analysis of the frame of the dam building machine is carried out, and the natural frequency and the natural mode are obtained. According to the results of the analysis, the frame is improved. The dynamic characteristics of the rotor of the slurry stirring and conveying pump are analyzed, and the natural frequency of the rotor is obtained. The proper range of rotational speed is set for the natural mode and critical speed. The accuracy between the natural frequency of the whole machine and the analysis results is verified in the experiment by analyzing the merits and demerits of each design scheme and the operating parameters of the machine are determined. The analysis results show that the natural frequency distribution of the frame is discrete, the natural frequency is less in the key section, the possibility of modal coupling is low, and the modal modes corresponding to each order frequency are oscillating or bending. But the main structure is not affected, the fourth mode natural frequency is 28.13 Hz, the fifth natural frequency is 29.99Hz is close, the rotor speed can avoid this frequency: the set speed of the slurry agitation-conveying pump rotor is lower than the critical speed. Meet the requirements of critical speed margin. The experimental results show that the linear reciprocating vibrating screen is simple in structure and stable in working process. High concentration and high flow rate of mud can be realized by using helico-vortex compound pump, so it is an ideal mud conveying pump.
【学位授予单位】：西安理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TV53

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