基于层次分析法对岳城水库脆弱性的分析与评价

发布时间：2018-04-24 04:12

本文选题：岳城水库 + 水资源　；参考：《河北工程大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：岳城水库位于河北省磁县和河南省安阳县交界处，是海河南系漳河上的大型控制性水利工程。近年来随着径流的减少和上游用水的增加，岳城水库的入库水量逐年递减，与此同时，随着流域沿途工农业的发展，排入漳河的污染总量逐年增加，再加之农业化肥等的污染，地表径流严重，使得河流水环境日趋恶化。岳城水库除了承担重大的防洪减灾功能以外，还担负了城市供水、农田灌溉等多项任务。为了保障邯郸周边区域的供水安全，保证岳城水库水源地的可持续发展，对岳城水库水源地的水污染控制与水环境安全进行研究是很有必要的。水源地脆弱性是度量水资源安全的重要标准，对其研究受到国内外学者们的普遍关注，水源地脆弱性研究不仅可以预测未来的水资源安全变化趋势，还可探求影响水资源安全的关键性要素，故水源地脆弱性研究具有非常重要的意义。本文对岳城水库水源地的脆弱性进行了研究，搜集岳城水库的数据资料，了解岳城水库水资源的现状，运用层次分析(AHP)法，选择年平均降雨量、年平均径流量、干旱指数、水量利用率、水利工程调蓄能力、水工建筑物安全、人口密度、人均水资源量、人均产值、水质类别、水环境自净能力、水体污染物质本底值、污水处理回用率、污染强度、应急能力、COD的总量、单位农田面积化肥施用量、人均日常生活污水排放量18个指标构建岳城水库水源地脆弱性评价系统，，通过对水质脆弱性和水量脆弱性两方面分析了自然脆弱性、人为脆弱性和承载脆弱性敏感指标，利用MATLAB编程，计算各个指标的权重量。研究成果表明，水量脆弱性对岳城水库水源地脆弱性影响较大，从脆弱性形成因素来看，影响岳城水库水源地脆弱性由大到小排列为：自然脆弱性、人为脆弱性、承载脆弱性。在综合评价体系18个指标中，权重值占据前五名的是干旱指数、水工建筑物安全、污染强度、年平均降雨量、COD的总量。与实际情况基本吻合。因此针对这些因素采取必要措施，有效控制这些因素对水源地脆弱性的影响，以达到保证岳城水库水资源安全的可持续发展的目标。
[Abstract]:Yuecheng Reservoir is located at the junction of Cixian County in Hebei Province and Anyang County in Henan Province. It is a large controlled water conservancy project on the Zhanghe River of Haihe River system. In recent years, with the decrease of runoff and the increase of upstream water, the amount of water entering Yuecheng Reservoir decreases year by year. At the same time, with the development of industry and agriculture along the river basin, the total amount of pollution discharged into the Zhanghe River increases year by year, together with the pollution of agricultural fertilizer and so on. The surface runoff is serious, which makes the river water environment deteriorate day by day. Yuecheng Reservoir not only undertakes the important function of flood control and disaster reduction, but also undertakes many tasks, such as urban water supply, farmland irrigation and so on. In order to ensure the safety of water supply in the surrounding area of Handan and the sustainable development of the water source of Yuecheng Reservoir, it is necessary to study the water pollution control and water environment safety in the source area of Yuecheng Reservoir. Water source vulnerability is an important standard to measure water resources security. The research on water source vulnerability has received widespread attention from scholars at home and abroad. The study of water source vulnerability can not only predict the future trend of water resources security change. The key factors affecting water resources security can also be explored, so the study of water source vulnerability is of great significance. In this paper, the vulnerability of Yuecheng reservoir water source is studied, the data of Yuecheng reservoir is collected, the present situation of water resources in Yuecheng reservoir is understood, and the average annual rainfall, average runoff and drought index are selected by using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method. Water use efficiency, water conservancy project storage capacity, hydraulic structure safety, population density, per capita water resource volume, per capita output value, water quality category, water environment self-purification capacity, background value of water pollution substance, sewage treatment reuse rate, pollution intensity, The total amount of COD, the amount of chemical fertilizer per unit farmland area, the discharge of daily domestic sewage per capita, 18 indexes of emergency response capacity, and the vulnerability evaluation system of Yuecheng Reservoir water source area were constructed. Based on the analysis of the vulnerability of water quality and quantity, the sensitive indexes of natural vulnerability, artificial vulnerability and carrying vulnerability were analyzed. The weights of each index were calculated by MATLAB programming. The results show that the water vulnerability has a great impact on the water source vulnerability of Yuecheng reservoir. From the factors of vulnerability formation, the vulnerability of water source of Yuecheng reservoir is arranged from large to small: natural vulnerability, artificial vulnerability, and carrying vulnerability. Among the 18 indexes in the comprehensive evaluation system, the top five weighted values are the total amount of drought index, hydraulic structure safety, pollution intensity, annual average rainfall and COD. Basically consistent with the actual situation. Therefore, the necessary measures should be taken to effectively control the vulnerability of these factors to ensure the sustainable development of water resources in Yuecheng Reservoir.
【学位授予单位】：河北工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV697

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