无闸低坝枢纽引航道通航水流条件研究

发布时间：2018-04-25 21:27

本文选题：无闸低坝 + 水口坝下　；参考：《重庆交通大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：一些水利枢纽在运行过程中，由于清水下泄及下游无序采砂，常会造成枢纽下游河床下切，，下游水深降低，给通航及发电带来不利影响。无闸低坝枢纽作为一种有效改善下游水深不足的反调节工程，可广泛应用于枢纽下游的水位治理。但作为航道上的节点，无闸低坝枢纽通航水流条件的好坏直接影响到工程航运效益的发挥。以往工程中对该类型枢纽通航水流条件研究较少，工程经验不足。本文依托水口坝下水位治理工程，对无闸低坝枢纽的通航水流条件进行研究。论文采用物理模型试验的研究方法，通过比对工程前后枢纽河段的水流变化情况，分析了无闸低坝枢纽不同流量下随淹没程度变化表现出的不同水流特性。在无闸低坝枢纽水流特性研究的基础上，分析了无闸低坝枢纽由于特殊水流特征所造成的引航道通航水流问题并通过水口坝下水位治理工程原设计布置方案的枢纽通航水流试验进行验证。针对水口坝下水位治理工程原设计布置方案中上下游引航道存在的具体通航水流问题分别进行了分析与研究。结合前人研究成果及以往工程经验，对原来布置方案中存在的问题采用一些工程措施来对进行改善。通过优化方案的通航水流试验，探讨了调整隔流墙长度、靠船墩挂隔流板、透空隔流墙做成支墩式浮堤等工程改善措施对无闸低坝枢纽上下游引航道通航水流的改善情况。并对导航墙调整长度、隔流板底孔尺寸设置及支墩式浮堤底孔高度布置方式在具体工程中的设置进行了分析研究。提出了靠船墩挂隔流板、将透空隔流墙做成支墩式浮堤等新型做法。另外由外向内孔口尺寸逐渐减小的开孔方式，也被证明是一种较优的开孔布置方式。最后文章还结合水口坝下水位治理工程推荐了无闸低坝枢纽上下游引航道所适用的工程改善措施。枢纽研究成果可为工程实际提供指导建议，并为其他类似工程参考借鉴。
[Abstract]:During the operation of some water conservancy projects, due to the release of clear water and disorderly sand mining downstream, the downstream river bed is often cut down, the downstream water depth is lowered, and the navigation and power generation are adversely affected. As a kind of reverse regulation project which can effectively improve the water depth of the downstream, the low dam without sluice can be widely used in the water level control of the downstream of the project. However, as the node in the channel, the navigable flow condition of the low dam without sluice has a direct impact on the benefit of engineering navigation. In the past, the research on navigable flow conditions of this type of hub is less, and the engineering experience is insufficient. In this paper, the navigable flow condition of the low dam without sluice is studied based on the water level control project under the Shuikou dam. In this paper, the physical model test method is used to analyze the different flow characteristics of the sluice free low dam project with different discharge changes with the submergence degree by comparing the flow changes of the river reach before and after the project. On the basis of the research on the flow characteristics of the low dam without sluice, This paper analyzes the navigable flow problem of the pilot channel caused by the special flow characteristics of the low dam without sluice and verifies it by the navigable flow test of the original layout scheme of the water level control project under the water mouth dam. This paper analyzes and studies the specific navigable flow problem in the upstream and downstream approach channel in the original design and layout of the water level control project under the water mouth dam. Based on the previous research results and previous engineering experience, some engineering measures are adopted to improve the problems existing in the original layout scheme. Based on the navigable flow test of the optimized scheme, the improvement measures such as adjusting the length of the barrier wall, hanging the baffle plate on the pier and making the pier-type floating embankment into a pier-type floating embankment are discussed. The improvement of the navigable flow in the upstream and downstream channels of the low-dam project without sluice is discussed. The adjustment length of the navigation wall, the size setting of the bottom hole of the baffle plate and the arrangement of the bottom hole height of the supporting pier type floating embankment are analyzed and studied in the concrete project. A new method is put forward such as hanging the baffle plate on the pier and making the permeable wall into a pier-type floating embankment. In addition, it is proved that the opening mode, which decreases gradually from the outer orifice to the inner hole, is an optimal opening arrangement. Finally, combined with the water level control project under the Shuikou dam, the paper recommends the engineering improvement measures for the upstream and downstream approach channel of the low dam without sluice. The research results of the hub can provide guidance suggestions for engineering practice and reference for other similar projects.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV61

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