近岸刚性植被水域波浪传播的数值模拟分析

发布时间：2018-04-28 08:43

本文选题：刚性植被 + Boussinesq方程　；参考：《大连理工大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：海岸植被能有效地降低波浪对岸滩的侵蚀作用。波浪在植被水域传播过程中,部分波能将被消耗,波高随之衰减,有效地降低了波浪对岸滩的侵蚀作用；同时,随着波高的衰减,波浪的物质输运能力也随之降低,对近岸水环境的演变有重要影响。然而,随着海岸资源的开发以及海岸工程的修建改变了该区域原有的植被形态及分布,影响到海岸波浪、流等水动力的运动环境,并对近岸物质输运产生重要影响。因此,研究近岸植被影响下波浪的传播变形对分析近岸资源开发对近岸水动力及物质输运、岸滩稳定等有重要理论指导和工程应用价值。本文基于Boussinesq方程的波浪运动模型建立了近岸刚性植被水域波浪传播的数值模型,在对所建模型的可靠性进行验证的基础上,利用该模型模拟分析了植被特征参数以及入射波要素对波浪的传播变形、孤立波的爬坡运动的影响,得出结论如下：(1)波浪在近岸植被水域传播运动过程中,随着植被密度、植被淹没高度的增加,入射波的波能损耗程度、波高衰减程度愈加剧烈。(2)波浪在植被水域传播运动过程中,入射波的波能损耗与植被区域的分段方式密切相关。假设植被总量一定,与单段植被的分布方式相比,分段植被的排列方式能更大幅度地耗损入射波的波能,但随着分段次数的增加,波能损耗程度趋于稳定。(3)波浪在近岸植被水域传播运动过程中,随着入射波波高的增加,入射波的波能损耗程度、波高衰减程度愈加剧烈。(4)在孤立波在爬坡运动过程中,植被的特征参数对孤立波的爬坡、退水过程有着重要影响。分析发现,植被的存在能有效地耗损孤立波的波能,降低孤立波的爬高,使植被区域前的水位产生一定程度的壅高,且孤立波的爬坡时刻会有一定程度的滞后,退水时刻有一定程度的提前；随着植被密度、植被淹没高度的增加,孤立波波能损耗程度愈加剧烈,植被区域前水位的壅高程度会加强,且孤立波爬坡时刻的滞后程度和退水时刻的提前程度会越来越强；此外,斜坡上植被的分布方式对孤立波爬坡过程也有重要影响。
[Abstract]:The coastal vegetation can effectively reduce the wave erosion to the shoreline. In the process of wave propagation in vegetation waters, some wave energy will be consumed and wave height will attenuate, which can effectively reduce the erosion effect of wave on shoreline, and at the same time, with the attenuation of wave height, the transport capacity of wave will also decrease. It has an important influence on the evolution of coastal water environment. However, with the development of coastal resources and the construction of coastal engineering, the original vegetation pattern and distribution in the region have been changed, which has affected the hydrodynamic environment such as coastal waves and currents, and has an important impact on the transport of material along the shore. Therefore, the study of wave propagation and deformation under the influence of inshore vegetation has important theoretical guidance and engineering application value in the analysis of coastal resources development for coastal hydrodynamic and material transport, shoreline stability and so on. Based on the wave motion model of Boussinesq equation, the numerical model of wave propagation in coastal rigid vegetation waters is established in this paper, and the reliability of the model is verified. The model is used to simulate and analyze the effects of the characteristic parameters of vegetation and the elements of incident wave on the wave propagation deformation and the climbing motion of the solitary wave. The conclusions are as follows: 1) the wave propagates along the coastal vegetation waters with the vegetation density. With the increase of vegetation submergence height, the wave energy loss of the incident wave and the attenuation degree of the wave height become more and more intense. (2) the wave energy loss of the incident wave is closely related to the segmented pattern of the vegetation area during the propagation of the wave in the vegetation waters. Assuming that the total amount of vegetation is constant, compared with the distribution mode of single segment vegetation, the arrangement of segmented vegetation can consume the wave energy of incident wave to a greater extent, but with the increase of segmentation times, In the process of wave propagation in coastal vegetation waters, with the increase of the incident wave height, the wave energy loss of the incident wave and the attenuation degree of the wave height become more intense. 4) in the process of the solitary wave climbing, the wave energy loss tends to be stable. The characteristic parameters of vegetation play an important role in the process of slope climbing and water retreating. It is found that the existence of vegetation can effectively consume the wave energy of the solitary wave, reduce the climbing of the solitary wave, cause the water level in front of the vegetation area to be raised to a certain extent, and lag the climbing time of the solitary wave to a certain extent. With the increase of vegetation density and the height of vegetation inundation, the energy loss of solitary wave becomes more and more severe, and the high level of water level in front of vegetation area will be strengthened. In addition, the distribution of vegetation on the slope also has an important effect on the climbing process of the solitary wave.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TV139.2

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