强降雨诱发上游法尾矿坝漫顶溃坝机理研究

发布时间：2018-04-30 11:50

本文选题：强降雨 + 尾矿坝　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：强降雨诱发的尾矿坝漫顶溃坝是上游法尾矿坝溃坝的首要致灾因子,掌握漫顶溃坝机理对于尾矿坝的设计、施工和防灾具有重要意义。本文采用理论分析和室内试验相结合的方法,量化尾矿坝漫顶溃坝的溃口特性参数,模拟溃坝的过程,修正了全沙输沙率公式,并总结溃坝机理。以具体工程实例为背景验证了模型试验的正确性和可行性,论文的主要工作如下:(1)取云南省某铜矿尾矿砂作为研究对象,进行尾矿砂颗粒的物理力学特性试验。将尾矿砂与天然河砂分别进行100倍的光学放大,对比观察尾矿砂颗粒的基本特性,包括一般物理特性和力学特性;制备不同含水率和不同压实度的重塑尾矿砂样,分别进行尾矿砂抗剪强度指标与含水率和压实度的关系试验。(2)借助泥沙运动力学方面的知识,理论分析尾矿砂颗粒的受力情况;探讨了尾矿砂颗粒起动的随机性和起动条件;阐述了尾矿砂在水中的运动形式。为研究溃口的起动和扩展机理奠定基础。(3)以具体的工程实例为背景,提出一种基于尾矿坝物理模型的坡面位移监测方法,并通过该方法进行了坡面位移监测试验;并进行了尾矿坝漫顶溃坝过程的室内模型试验,主要研究库区水位和浸润线的变化规律,以及整体溃坝时间:通过整理工程现场实测数据,验证了模型试验方法的可行性,并且可以通过模型试验得到的结论弥补现场实测数据的不足,揭示强降雨诱发尾矿坝漫顶溃坝破坏的破坏机理。(4)理论分析了尾矿坝漫顶溃坝的过程和机理,阐述了溃口如何起动和扩展。通过尾矿砂模型冲刷试验,修正了糙率系数n,并推导和修正了全沙输沙率公式。在相似条件的基础上,利用自制的尾矿坝室内物理模型系统,进行强降雨溃坝试验;同时,将试验结果与修正后的全沙输沙率计算结果进行比对,拟合效果良好。
[Abstract]:The overtopping dam break dam induced by heavy rainfall is the primary disaster factor for the dam break of the upstream tailings dam. Mastering the overtopping dam break mechanism is of great significance to the design, construction and disaster prevention of the tailings dam. In this paper, the method of combining theoretical analysis and indoor test is used to quantify the collapsing characteristic parameters of the overtopping dam of the tailings dam and simulate the process of dam break. The formula of total sand transport rate was corrected and the mechanism of dam break was summed up. The correctness and feasibility of the model test was verified with specific engineering examples. The main work of the paper is as follows: (1) taking a copper mine tailings in Yunnan as the research object and carrying out the physical and mechanical properties test of the tailings sand particles. The tailings sand and the natural river sand are respectively carried out by 1. 00 times of optical amplification, comparison and observation of the basic characteristics of tailings sand particles, including the general physical properties and mechanical properties; the preparation of remolded tailings sand samples with different moisture content and different compactness, the relationship between the shear strength index of the tailings and the moisture content and the degree of compaction respectively. (2) theoretical analysis by the knowledge of sediment movement mechanics The loading situation of tailings sand particles, the randomness and starting conditions of the starting of tailings sand particles are discussed, and the movement form of tailings sand in water is expounded. (3) a monitoring method based on the physical model of tailings dam is put forward, and a method for monitoring the slope displacement based on the physical model of the tailings dam is proposed. In this method, the slope displacement monitoring test is carried out, and the indoor model test of the overtopping dam break of the tailings dam is carried out. The variation law of the water level and the infiltration line in the reservoir area and the whole dam break time are mainly studied. The feasibility of the model test method is verified by finishing the field measured data of the project, and the model test can be obtained by the model test. The conclusion makes up the deficiency of the field measured data and reveals the failure mechanism of the overtopping dam failure caused by the heavy rainfall. (4) the process and mechanism of the overtopping dam break of the tailings dam are analyzed theoretically, how to start and expand the ulceration dam is expounded. The roughness coefficient n is corrected by the scour test of the tailings sand model, and the formula of the total sand transport rate is derived and amended. On the basis of the similar conditions, the experiment of strong rainfall dam break is carried out by using the self-made indoor physical model system of the tailings dam, and the results are compared with the calculated results of the corrected total sand transport rate, and the fitting effect is good.

【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TV649

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