实体丁坝群与透水桩坝护岸机理试验研究

发布时间：2018-05-01 09:12

本文选题：模型试验 + 非淹没式丁坝群　；参考：《西北农林科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：在我国，以黄河为代表的多沙河流，，由于携带较多的悬移质泥沙，河床冲淤变化剧烈，在漫长的演变过程中形成了极不稳定的游荡性河型特征，对河道两岸人民生活和经济发展构成了极大威胁。为减轻游荡性河流河势频繁变化对河道大堤的威胁，采取有效的工程措施对游荡性河流进行河道整治，控导主流，稳定河势，对于减轻防洪压力保障河道两岸经济社会发展具有极为重要的意义。实体丁坝群作为最常见的河道整治建筑物在河道整治工程中广为应用，尤其在河势散乱河床稳定性较差的冲积平原河流，为固堤护滩控导河势，经常采用丁坝群的平面布置形式进行工程规划设计。传统的实体丁坝群工程虽然在整治宽浅游荡河流中起到了良好的作用，但遇到大洪水时工程局部往往被冲毁导致破坏，影响其防护效果。挟沙水流的挟沙能力与水流速度的高次方成正比，若使流速发生微小变化，则挟沙力的减小是很可观的，这一现象常常会促使水流对河床的冲刷变为不冲甚至淤积。近年来，基于这一河流动力学基本原理的透水性治河护岸技术措施在固堤护滩减速落淤、控导河势方面体现了许多优势。透水与实体相结合、刚性与柔性相结合的治河护岸技术是未来治河技术发展的主要方向之一。为了给实体与透水相结合的复合型护岸技术开发研究提供基础理论依据，本文首先结合某河道整治工程的实施，通过比尺模型试验，对实体丁坝群设计参数变化时局部冲刷规律进行了分析研究，总结了不同坝轴线方位角、丁坝间距和长度对冲刷坑深度及冲淤位置的影响，提出了丁坝群各坝头局部冲刷深度的分析计算方法；然后通过概化模型试验，结合理论分析，对钢筋混凝土井柱桩这一在新疆地区应用较多的透水丁坝（简称透水桩坝）控导水流的作用和缓流落淤的效果进行了分析研究，研究成果表明透水桩坝在一定透水率和坝轴线方位角时缓流落淤效果显著；最后通过数值模拟手段研究了上述两种丁坝群实际运行时与水流相互作用的护岸机理，模拟结果与试验观测规律基本一致。试验所得结论可为工程规划设计提供参考，并为复合型护岸技术的研发提供了便捷实用的分析手段。
[Abstract]:In our country, because of carrying more suspended sediment, the river bed scour and silt changes dramatically, which forms the extremely unstable wandering river type characteristic in the long evolution process. It poses a great threat to the people's life and economic development on both sides of the river. In order to reduce the threat of frequent changes of river regime to the river embankment, effective engineering measures are taken to regulate the wandering river, control and guide the mainstream, and stabilize the river regime. It is of great significance to reduce flood control pressure and ensure the economic and social development of both sides of the river. As the most common river regulation building, solid dike group is widely used in river regulation engineering, especially in alluvial plain rivers with poor stability of river regime scattered riverbed. The plane layout of dike group is often used for engineering planning and design. Although the traditional solid spur dike group works have played a good role in the regulation of wide and shallow wandering rivers, when the flood occurs, the local engineering is often destroyed and destroyed, which affects its protective effect. The sediment carrying capacity of sediment carrying flow is directly proportional to the high power of flow velocity. If the velocity of flow is slightly changed, the decrease of sediment carrying capacity is considerable. This phenomenon often causes the erosion of river bed to become non-scouring and even silting. In recent years, based on this basic principle of river dynamics, the technical measures of water permeable river regulation and bank revetment have shown many advantages in the aspects of embankment protection, beach reduction and siltation control and river regime control. The combination of permeable and solid, rigid and flexible river revetment technology is one of the main directions of future river control technology development. In order to provide the basic theoretical basis for the research and development of the composite bank revetment technology which combines the solid and the permeable water, this paper first combined with the implementation of a river regulation project, through the scale model test, In this paper, the local scour law of solid spur group is analyzed and studied, and the influence of azimuth angle of different axis, spacing and length of spur dam on the depth of scour pit and the position of scour and deposition are summarized. The analysis and calculation method of the local scour depth at each head of the spur dike group is put forward, and then through the generalizable model test, combined with the theoretical analysis, In this paper, the effect of reinforced concrete well column pile, which is widely used in Xinjiang area, on controlling and guiding water flow and the effect of slow flow and siltation are analyzed and studied. The research results show that the flow and siltation of the permeable pile dam is remarkable at a certain water permeability rate and the azimuth angle of the dam axis. Finally, the revetment mechanism of the interaction between the two kinds of dike groups and the flow is studied by means of numerical simulation. The simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental observation. The experimental results can provide reference for engineering planning and design, and provide a convenient and practical analysis method for the research and development of compound revetment technology.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV863

【参考文献】