基于强潮流的中外航道宽度设计标准比较研究

发布时间：2018-05-07 12:22

本文选题：强潮流 + 航道通航宽度　；参考：《大连理工大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来我国经济不断发展,国内外物资流通日益频繁,促使航运业蓬勃发展。港口作为货物内外贸主要节点,对沿海经济具有重要贡献。航道是沿海港口的重要组成部分,其通航宽度直接影响着港口通过能力,进而成为影响港口经济的关键因素。科学地确定航道通航宽度是提高港口作业效率、保证船舶通航安全、提升港口经济发展的重要保障。近年来随着港口建设的突飞猛进及船舶大型化趋势的不断发展,港址的选择逐渐向深水区发展。深水区具有浪大流急的特点,使设计与施工困难,较强的横流会使船舶操控难度增加,降低通航安全,因此对航道通航宽度提出了更高的要求,然而为节约疏浚成本、满足大型船舶进港需求,国内外已有众多港口将港址选在受强潮流(横流大于1.0m/s)影响较大的自然条件下。我国现行规范JTS165-2013《海港总体设计规范》中在横流流速超过1.0m/s的情况下,并没有具体规定船舶漂移倍数及风、流压偏角的具体取值,一定程度上并不适合强潮流港区的航道通航宽度设计。本文以我国《海港总体设计规范》、美国PIANC《进港航道设计导则》及日本《港湾の施设の技术上の基准·同解说》为研究对象,选取散货船、集装箱船、油船为研究船型,以横流、航速、船舶吨级为主要影响因素,分别计算出不同国家规范对应的航道通航宽度值,运用Origin软件进行分析,总结出国内外计算方法之间的差异,分析导致差异的因素,并提出强潮流影响下航道通航宽度计算的相关建议。本文同时分析了不同因素(如横流、航速、吨级等)对各国规范关于航道通航宽度设计的影响程度,总结出多种因素影响下各国规范航道通航宽度计算值的大小排序,并得出单一因素变化对不同计算方法的影响,为我国规范在航道通航宽度设计方面的完善提供建议,为相关部门提供科学依据,为未来强潮流港区港口建设提供决策依据,进而使航运业得到长远发展。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of economy and the frequent circulation of materials at home and abroad, the shipping industry is booming. As the main node of domestic and foreign trade, port plays an important role in coastal economy. The channel is an important part of the coastal port, and its navigation width directly affects the port passing capacity, and then becomes the key factor affecting the port economy. Determining the width of navigation channel scientifically is an important guarantee to improve the efficiency of port operation, ensure the safety of ship navigation and promote the development of port economy. In recent years, with the rapid development of port construction and the continuous development of ship's large scale, the choice of port site is gradually developing to deep water area. The deep water area has the characteristic of big wave and large current, which makes the design and construction difficult, and the stronger cross current will increase the difficulty of ship handling and reduce the navigation safety. Therefore, it puts forward higher requirements for the width of navigation channel, but in order to save the dredging cost, To meet the needs of large ships, many ports at home and abroad have chosen port sites under natural conditions affected by strong currents (cross current > 1.0 m / s). The current code of JTS165-2013 (General Design Code for Ports) in our country does not specify the specific value of drift multiple, wind and deviation angle of flow pressure when the velocity of cross flow exceeds 1.0m/s. To some extent, it is not suitable for the channel width design of strong tidal current port area. This paper takes China's General Design Code for Ports, American PIANC's guidelines for Design of entry Channel and Japan's explanation of Technical Standards for Port installation as the research objects. Bulk carriers, container ships and oil tankers are selected as the study ship types, and the transverse flow is used as the research object. The speed and tonnage of ships are the main influencing factors. The navigable widths corresponding to different national codes are calculated respectively. The differences between domestic and foreign calculation methods are summarized by using Origin software, and the factors leading to the differences are analyzed. Some suggestions on the calculation of navigation width under the influence of strong tidal current are put forward. At the same time, this paper analyzes the influence of different factors (such as crosscurrent, speed, tonnage, etc.) on the design of navigable width in different countries, and sums up the order of the calculated values of navigable width under the influence of many factors. The influence of single factor change on different calculation methods is obtained, which provides suggestions for the improvement of navigation width design of navigation channel in our country, provides scientific basis for relevant departments, and provides decision basis for port construction in future strong tidal current port area. Then make shipping industry get long-term development.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U612.3

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