城市初期径流雨水水量与截留池容积计算方法的研究

发布时间：2018-05-07 14:09

本文选题：径流污染 + 初期雨水　；参考：《湖南大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：降雨对城市地表的冲刷效应使初期雨水中携带了大量的污染物,其直接排放将对水体产生冲击性的污染。借鉴发达国家的治理经验,特别是城市景观水体作为雨水排水的受纳水体时,修建初期雨水截留池并对截留的雨水进行处理是治理城市雨水径流污染的有效途径之一。截留池设计的关键在于获知初期径流雨水水量。初期雨水作为径流雨水的一部分,它的汇流也遵循等流时线原理,即同时降落在地面的雨水流到集流点的时间有前后差异。将一场降雨分为前后两场降雨,前期的初期降雨和后期的洁净降雨分别继承了这场降雨的部分规律性,将初期降雨形成的径流视为初期雨水。在降雨量达到一定深度后,初期降雨突然停止的同时洁净降雨开始,此时初期雨水继续完成汇流。将理论上集流点的雨水径流量和初期雨水径流量随时间变化的关系反映为曲线图,即可得出径流雨水和初期雨水的汇流模型。本研究以长沙市某住宅小区为对象,对其在降雨时的降雨过程、径流过程和水质变化过程进行监测,并将径流过程和水质变化过程进行分段拟合。本文认为雨水径流中污染物浓度逐渐减小的情况是管道中初期雨水与洁净雨水混合的结果,用混合比例可以将初期雨水径流量从雨水径流量中分离出来,从而在拟合的雨水径流过程线内运用图解法绘制出初期雨水径流的过程线,并确定初期径流雨水水量。本研究监测的三场降雨的初期径流雨水水量分别为1.17mm、1.22mm和1.09mm。考虑一定的宽裕度,建议长沙市住宅小区初期径流雨水水量的设计值为1.5mm。在获知了初期径流雨水水量设计值的基础上,本研究提出一种运用汇流模型计算初期雨水截留池容积的动态计算方法。其设计原则是在保证一定截留池利用率的前提下,尽可能提高初期雨水收集率。这种计算方法的意义在于其考虑了雨水汇流的实际过程,是一种动态的计算方法,比现有的依照降雨量乘以面积的静态计算方法有更强的理论基础,也更为准确。
[Abstract]:The erosion effect of rainfall on the urban surface makes Rain Water carry a large amount of pollutants in the early stage, and its direct discharge will produce impact pollution on the water body. To learn from the management experience of developed countries, especially when the urban landscape water is used as the receiving water for Rain Water's drainage, it is one of the effective ways to control the runoff pollution of the city Rain Water to build up the initial UNOMI_person1# interception pond and to deal with the retained Rain Water. The key to the design of the interception pool is to know the initial runoff quantity of Rain Water. Rain Water, as a part of the runoff Rain Water, followed the principle of isochronous time line, that is, the time before and after Rain Water which landed on the ground at the same time arrived at the gathering point. One rainfall is divided into two rainfall, the initial rainfall and the clean rainfall inherit some regularity of the rainfall, and the runoff formed by the initial rainfall is regarded as the initial Rain Water. After the rainfall reached a certain depth, the initial rain stopped suddenly and the clean rain began. At this time, Rain Water continued to finish the confluence. By reflecting the relationship between Rain Water runoff and initial Rain Water runoff in theory as a curve, the confluence model of the runoff Rain Water and the initial Rain Water can be obtained. In this study, a residential district in Changsha City was used to monitor the rainfall process, runoff process and water quality change process, and to fit the runoff process and water quality change process. In this paper, we think that the decreasing concentration of pollutants in Rain Water runoff is the result of the mixing of Rain Water in the initial stage of the pipeline and the clean Rain Water. Thus, the process line of the initial stage Rain Water runoff was drawn by using the graphic method in the fitted Rain Water runoff process line, and the water quantity of the initial runoff Rain Water was determined. The initial runoff of the three rainfall monitored in this study was 1.17mm ~ 1.22mm and 1.09mm respectively. Considering a certain margin, it is suggested that the design value of runoff Rain Water water quantity in the residential district of Changsha is 1.5mm. On the basis of knowing the design value of initial runoff Rain Water, a dynamic calculation method for calculating the volume of the initial UNOMI_person1# intercepting pond by using the confluence model is presented. The design principle is to improve Rain Water collection rate at the initial stage on the premise of certain utilization ratio of interception pool. The significance of this method is that it takes into account the actual process of Rain Water's confluence and is a dynamic calculation method which has a stronger theoretical basis and is more accurate than the existing static calculation method based on rainfall times area.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU992;TV213.9

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