湘潭市某小区雨水优化利用的研究

发布时间：2018-05-10 12:13

本文选题：湘潭市 + 某小区　；参考：《湖南科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着城镇化进程的不断加快，人类社会发展和水资源利用的相互矛盾影响日益严重，主要表现为城市水资源越来越缺乏、水资源污染日益严重、城市防洪抗压能力不断加大、城市内涝问题严重以及城市地下水位逐渐下降等。因此对雨水进行收集再利用是改善城市生态环境的有效手段，也是实现水资源有效利用的重要途径，对城市可持续发展起到积极的促进作用。论文以湘潭市某小区为研究对象，从湘潭市自然地理、气候及水资源、历史人文、社会经济发展及雨水资源情况等方面入手，，对湘潭市雨水资源化可利用性进行分析。研究分析得出湘潭市雨量丰富但是随降雨历时分布不均，多年平均降雨量为1416.5mm，可利用雨水资源量达5381.6万m3，具备充分的雨水再利用条件。目前小区雨水收集处理再利用技术，主要包括初期雨水收集处理，绿色屋面集蓄雨水收集处理，透井、渗透管沟、洼地、渗透地面等渗透设施集雨收集处理，利用汇水面积集雨等各项雨水收集处理再利用技术，以及洼地—渗渠系统和自然水体—地下蓄水池系统的小区雨水综合利用系统。湘潭市某小区原排水系统为雨污分流制，雨水经集水井收集后通过雨水管网直接排放至市政雨水管网，小区没有规划雨水收集处理措施，雨水资源没有合理地利用。考虑到小区内共有三处水景，一个大面积人工湖和两个大型喷泉，其补水均为城市水源，存在极大水资源浪费及暴雨时小区可能发生内涝等隐患，给小区的环境造成诸多不利影响，该研究针对小区雨水利用的不足，采用“自然水体-地下蓄水池系统”的雨水再利用系统即以人工湖为系统核心，以人工湿地进行雨水收集和预处理，通过平流沉淀池和过滤器对雨水进行深度处理，通过水泵输送雨水，有效地用于水景补充水、道路浇洒和绿地灌溉。同时针对小区雨水水量平衡进行分析研究，得出小区年均可利用雨水资源量为48530m3远大于小区年均杂用水总量23243.3m3，满足小区雨水利用条件。最后分析了雨水利用对小区的工程经济效益，证明其具有一定的工程应用意义。
[Abstract]:With the accelerating process of urbanization, the contradictory influences between the development of human society and the utilization of water resources are becoming more and more serious, mainly manifested in the shortage of urban water resources, the increasingly serious pollution of water resources, and the increasing ability of urban flood control and pressure resistance. The urban waterlogging problem is serious and the underground water level is decreasing gradually. Therefore, the collection and reuse of Rain Water is not only an effective means to improve the urban ecological environment, but also an important way to realize the effective use of water resources, which plays a positive role in promoting the sustainable development of the city. Taking a small area in Xiangtan city as the research object, this paper analyzes the utilization of Rain Water in Xiangtan City from the aspects of natural geography, climate and water resources, history and humanities, social and economic development and Rain Water resources. The research and analysis show that Xiangtan city has abundant rainfall but uneven distribution with rainfall duration. The average annual rainfall is 1416.5 mm, and the amount of rainwater resources can be utilized up to 53.816 million m3, which has sufficient conditions for Rain Water to reuse. At present, Rain Water collects and reuses technology in the residential area, mainly including the collection and treatment of the initial stage, the collection and treatment of the green roof collection and storage, the collection and treatment of Rain Water, the collection and treatment of rainwater collection and treatment at the permeable facilities, such as through wells, seepages, depressions, and infiltration of the ground, etc. The collection and reuse techniques of Rain Water, such as water catchment area, rainwater collection, etc., as well as the integrated utilization system of Rain Water in the residential area of the depression-seepage canal system and the natural water-underground reservoir system are used. The original drainage system of a small district in Xiangtan city is rainwater distribution system, Rain Water directly discharged to municipal rainwater pipe network through rainwater pipe network after collecting by collecting wells, the district did not plan the collection and treatment measures of Rain Water, and the rainwater resources were not used reasonably. Considering that there are three water features in the district, a large artificial lake and two large fountains, all of which are urban water sources, there are hidden dangers such as great waste of water resources and the possibility of waterlogging in small areas during heavy rain. There are many adverse effects on the environment of the district. In view of the deficiency of Rain Water in the residential area, this study adopted the "natural water body-underground reservoir system", which is the system of "natural water body and underground storage pool", with the artificial lake as the core of the system. Rain Water collected and pretreated with constructed wetland, advanced treatment of Rain Water through advection sedimentation tank and filter, and conveyance of Rain Water by water pump, which was effectively used to replenish water for water features, pour water on roads and irrigate green land. At the same time, based on the analysis of Rain Water water balance, it is concluded that the average annual available rain water resource is much larger than the total amount of miscellaneous water of 23243.3 m3, which meets the demand of the community Rain Water. Finally, the paper analyzes the engineering economic benefits of Rain Water, and proves that Rain Water has certain engineering application significance.
【学位授予单位】：湖南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU992;TV213.9

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