重庆水资源利用效率测度及投影优化分析

发布时间：2018-06-04 02:24

本文选题：重庆 + 水资源　；参考：《中国农村水利水电》2016年11期

【摘要】：中国水资源问题的核心是利用效率问题,科学客观评价水资源利用效率已成为当前水资源研究的热点。本文利用数据包络分析(DEA)方法,选取农业用水量、工业用水量、年末供水管道长度、固定资产投资、从业人员数量为投入指标,以GDP为产出指标的指标,对重庆2001-2012年的水资源利用的总体效率、纯技术效率和纯规模效率进行测度和评价,揭示动态变化规律,对非DEA有效的年份进行投影分析。研究结果表明:1重庆市近12年水资源利用总体效率处在接近最优的状态。DEA无效年份在农业用水量、工业用水量、年末供水管道长度均有冗余,其中农业用水和年末供水管道长度冗余量较大,农业用水效率还有提升的空间,规模效率是影响重庆水资源利用总体效率的主要因素。2农业用水量和年末供水管道长度消减率较大,分别为12.109%和16.663%。在规模报酬不变情况下,可以通过适当的消减投入来达到各要素的最优配置,实现水资源的高效利用。因此,适当减少农业用水量,加大农业节水设施的建设,大力发展设施农业,减少工业用水的比例,淘汰落后高耗水产业,大力发展节水型产业,增加水资源输送设施的技术含量、提高水资源的输送能力,是今后重庆提高水资源利用效率需要努力的方向。
[Abstract]:The core of water resources problem in China is the utilization efficiency. Scientific and objective evaluation of water resources utilization efficiency has become a hot spot of water resources research. Using data envelopment analysis (DEA) method, this paper selects agricultural water consumption, industrial water consumption, year-end water supply pipeline length, fixed assets investment, number of employees as input index, and GDP as output index. The total efficiency, pure technical efficiency and pure scale efficiency of water resources utilization in Chongqing from 2001 to 2012 were measured and evaluated to reveal the law of dynamic change. The projection analysis was carried out on the non-DEA effective year. The results show that the overall efficiency of water resources utilization in Chongqing in the past 12 years is close to the optimal. In the year of invalid DEA, there are redundant water consumption in agriculture, water consumption in industry and the length of water supply pipeline at the end of the year. Among them, agricultural water use and year-end water supply pipeline length redundancy is relatively large, and agricultural water use efficiency still has room for improvement. Scale efficiency is the main factor affecting the overall utilization efficiency of water resources in Chongqing. 2. The reduction rate of agricultural water consumption and the length of water supply pipeline at the end of the year are 12.109% and 16.6633% respectively. Under the condition of constant scale reward, the optimal allocation of each element can be achieved through the appropriate reduction of investment, and the efficient utilization of water resources can be realized. Therefore, we should appropriately reduce agricultural water consumption, increase the construction of agricultural water-saving facilities, vigorously develop facility agriculture, reduce the proportion of industrial water consumption, eliminate backward high-water consumption industries, and vigorously develop water-saving industries. Increasing the technical content of water resources transportation facilities and improving the water resources transportation capacity are the direction of improving water resources utilization efficiency in Chongqing in the future.
【作者单位】：贵州师范学院资源环境与灾害研究所;南京大学地理与海洋学院;贵州省科学院山地资源研究所;
【基金】：国家十二五科技支撑计划项目(2012BAJ25B09)
【分类号】：TV213.9

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