河工模型试验加糙方法综述

发布时间：2018-06-07 05:42

本文选题：模型试验 + 加糙方法　；参考：《南水北调与水利科技》2017年04期

【摘要】：原模型阻力相似是开展河工模型试验的基本要求,模型试验的糙率复核受目标值、波动幅值、模型材质及研究重点等多因素的影响,选用合理的加糙手段可大幅提升试验效率和精度。为解决现阶段河工模型试验中存在的加糙方法种类繁多、技术条件复杂、难以快速选择适宜加糙方法的问题,对国内外常用的加糙方法进行了归纳总结,将加糙方法划分为点块型加糙、条带型加糙和膜片型加糙三种方法。介绍了每种方法常用的加糙体,详细说明了各加糙方法的实现手段、优点、不足以及糙率值的可调整范围。草垫为代表的膜片型加糙可实现的糙率峰值达0.08以上,梅花十字板加糙可实现的糙率峰值约0.06,条带型加糙可实现的糙率峰值约为0.04,粘贴尼龙网、玻璃膜以及密实加糙可实现的糙率峰值约为0.02,刨坑加糙方法基本不能提高模型表面糙率。给出了相应的适用条件、加糙范围及对水流结构的影响,以及部分糙率计算方法,以期研究者可根据试验目的快速准确地选取适宜的加糙方法,提高研究效率。
[Abstract]:The resistance similarity of the original model is the basic requirement of the river engineering model test. The roughness check of the model test is affected by many factors, such as target value, fluctuation amplitude, model material and research emphasis, etc. The test efficiency and precision can be greatly improved by selecting reasonable roughening methods. In order to solve the problem that there are many kinds of roughening methods and complicated technical conditions in the current river engineering model test, it is difficult to select suitable roughening methods quickly. This paper sums up and summarizes the commonly used roughening methods at home and abroad. The roughening method is divided into three methods: point block roughness, strip roughness and membrane roughness. In this paper, the common rough body of each method is introduced, and the means, advantages, disadvantages and adjustable range of roughness value of each method are described in detail. The peak value of roughness of membrane type, plum cross plate and strip type of straw mat was above 0.08, 0.06 and 0.04, respectively, and that of strip type was about 0.04, and the maximum value of roughness was about 0.04 in cross plate of plum blossom, and the peak value of roughness in strip type was about 0.04, and the maximum value of roughness was about 0.04. The maximum roughness of glass film and dense roughness is about 0.02, and the surface roughness of the model can not be improved by shaving method. The applicable conditions, the effect of the roughness range on the flow structure and the calculation method of partial roughness are given. It is hoped that the researchers can quickly and accurately select the appropriate roughening method according to the purpose of the experiment and improve the efficiency of the research.
【作者单位】：中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室;中国建筑股份有限公司;河南省南阳市水文水资源勘测局;
【基金】：公益性行业科研专项(201501025) 中国水科院科研专项(HY0145B642017;HY0145B152015) 国家自然科学基金(51679263;51609265) 国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0401808)~~
【分类号】：TV131.61

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