X水利枢纽溢洪道试验研究

发布时间：2018-06-07 15:47

本文选题：溢洪道 + 掺气坎　；参考：《河北工程大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：溢洪道用于宣泄规划库容所不能容纳的洪水，防止洪水漫溢坝顶，保证枢纽挡水建筑物及其它有关建筑物的安全运行，是整个枢纽中关键的组成部分。溢洪道能否安全的进行工作，关系到整个水利枢纽的安危。对以往大坝失事的原因进行分析后发现，，由于溢洪道泄流能力不足或设计、运用不当引起的的大坝失事占很大比重。因此有必要对溢洪道的设计方案进行物理模型试验，并进行优化。本文以X水库枢纽为具体的研究对象，根据相关资料，对岸边式溢洪道的掺气坎、挑坎、尾墩、进水口边墙体型的优化选择进行了模型试验研究。首先对原设计方案进行了水流形态研究，通过试验分析，提出了方案存在的问题，给出了合理建议，确定了溢洪道的推荐体型。其次，在推荐体型下，对不同工况分别进行试验研究。得出如下结果：不管在闸门全开还是闸孔出流条件下，各级流量下泄时流量系数均随流量增加逐渐缓慢增加，高水位时逐渐趋于稳定；溢洪道具有超泄能力，满足泄水能力要求；推荐体型下水流形态基本趋于正常，在控制段、泄槽段水深逐渐减小；泄槽段菱形冲击波冲击边墙，局部水翅高度高于边墙，建议在该处增加相应的防护措施。各工况下溢洪道沿程均未出现负压；挑坎挑出水流入水后向四周扩散，各工况下左岸均有回流产生，河道右岸无回流产生，岸边流速较大；随着流量的增加，冲坑逐渐向河道下游推移，冲刷也越严重冲坑深度逐渐增大。
[Abstract]:Spillway is a key component of the whole project, which is used to drain the flood which can not be contained in the reservoir planning, prevent flood from overflowing the dam top, and ensure the safe operation of the water retaining structure and other related buildings of the hub. The safety of spillway is related to the safety of the whole hydro-junction. After analyzing the causes of dam failure in the past, it is found that the dam failure caused by improper use accounts for a large proportion due to insufficient discharge capacity or design of spillway. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out physical model test and optimize the design of spillway. In this paper, the X reservoir hub is taken as the specific research object. According to the relevant data, the optimization selection of aeration ridges, tail piers and side walls of the inlets of the shore spillway is studied by model test. Firstly, the flow pattern of the original design is studied, the problems of the scheme are put forward, the reasonable suggestions are given, and the recommended shape of the spillway is determined. Secondly, under the recommended body size, the experimental study was carried out under different working conditions. The results are as follows: no matter when the sluice gate is completely open or under the condition of sluice outlet discharge, the discharge coefficient increases slowly with the increase of discharge rate, and becomes stable at high water level, and the spillway has the ability of overdischarge. To meet the requirements of discharge capacity; the recommended shape of the flow form is basically normal, in the control section, the depth of the sluice section gradually decreases; the rhombus shock wave of the vent section hits the side wall, local water wing height is higher than the side wall, It is suggested that appropriate protective measures should be added to the area. There is no negative pressure along the spillway under various working conditions. The spillway flows into the water and diffuses around it. Under each working condition, there is a backflow on the left bank, no backflow on the right bank of the river, and a larger flow rate along the shore. With the increase of the flow rate, The scour pit gradually moves downstream, and the more serious the scour depth is, the greater the depth of the scour pit is.
【学位授予单位】：河北工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV651.1;TV131.6

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