水轮机转轮结构与过机幼鱼受压强损伤相关性研究

发布时间：2018-06-12 13:00

本文选题：水力机械 + CFD数值模拟　；参考：《水力发电学报》2017年10期

【摘要】：大坝阻隔了洄游性鱼类的洄游通道,鱼类通过水轮机下行或误入水轮机流道将遭受水轮机流道复杂水动力特性及水轮机结构的影响,导致过机鱼体的损伤甚至死亡。为有效保护鱼类资源,本文在对大型轴流式水轮机进行全流道三维数值模拟的基础上,以鱼类受压强和压强梯度损伤阈值作为评价指标,对水轮机流道转轮叶片数目及转轮泄水锥尺寸进行降低幼鱼损伤概率的优化研究。研究结果表明,在满足水轮机出力要求的前提下,大型轴流式水轮机转轮叶片数目增多将增大下行幼鱼受压力及压力梯度损伤的概率,转轮泄水锥相对高度的减小将增加幼鱼受压力及压力梯度损伤的概率。该研究成果可为减小鱼体损伤的环境友好型水轮机优化设计提供参考。
[Abstract]:The dam obstructs the migratory passage of the migratory fish, and the fish will be affected by the complex hydrodynamic characteristics of the turbine passage and the structure of the turbine through the turbine downlink or by mistake, resulting in the damage and even death of the fish body passing through the turbine. In order to protect fish resources effectively, based on the full-channel numerical simulation of large axial flow turbine, the damage threshold of fish subjected to pressure and pressure gradient is taken as the evaluation index. The damage probability of juvenile fish was optimized by optimizing the number of runner blades and the size of drain cone of runner of hydraulic turbine. The results show that, on the premise of satisfying the requirement of hydraulic turbine output, the increase in the number of runner blades of large axial flow turbine will increase the probability of the downward young fish being damaged by pressure and pressure gradient. The decrease of the relative height of the drain cone of the runner will increase the probability of the young fish being damaged by pressure and pressure gradient. The results can be used as a reference for optimal design of environmental friendly hydraulic turbines to reduce fish body damage.
【作者单位】：三峡大学水利与环境学院;贵州省水利水电勘测设计研究院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(51409151)
【分类号】：S931.1;TV734.1

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