建国以来山西省水利建设投资发展研究

发布时间：2018-06-14 15:07

本文选题：建国以来 + 山西　；参考：《山西大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：山西古时水资源较为丰富,但随着环境的变化,水资源开始日渐短缺,甚至变为一个十年九旱的贫瘠之地。目前,山西省分属2个流域9个水系,水资源总量58477亿立方米,其中自产水资源量28621亿立方米,人均1152亿立方米,居全国第23位。全省平均年降雨量为3018毫米,低于全国大多数省份,且时空分布不均,年蒸发量是降雨量的十几倍到几十倍。全省水土流失面积389万平方公里,占全省总面积的85.7%,水土流失严重。旱灾是山西省的第一大自然灾害,也是制约农业发展的主要原因。由于水资源短缺,全省工业发展也受到了严重制约,从可持续发展的战略高度看,干旱缺水始终是制约山西省经济和社会发展的主要因素,因此,水利建设在山西经济社会发展中具有举足轻重的作用。建国以来,山西省水利建设水平始终受到政策环境、经济环境与自然条件环境的影响和制约,六十年来山西水利建设先后经历了恢复与改造、跃进与调整、停滞与倒退、改革与发展等几个时期,并取得了空前的发展。全省大型水利设施从无到有,到目前共建成大中型水库七百余座,总库容近五十亿立方米；建成大中型灌溉区200处,全省有效灌溉面积1800万亩；先后启动了饮水解困和饮水安全工程,一千多万群众告别了吃水难的问题；治理水土流失面积五万平方公里,建成了四千多公里的河道堤防。山西省水利建设投资的逐步发展促进了全省的经济增长和社会稳定,水利建设事业为提高人民生活水平,改善人民居住环境等方面做出了巨大贡献。水利以其所具备的巨大的外部效应和非经济效应促进着宏观经济协调、健康的发展。水利投资能够通过资源的调配和投资的流入推动区域经济的发展,同时,水利对城市化、工业化和农业发展起着相当重要的作用。改革开放以来,山西水利改革发展取得了较为显著的成就,但与经济社会发展的要求相比,水利投入强度明显不够,建设进度明显滞后,保障水平也明显偏低。进入“十二五”时期,经济社会的快速发展对山西水利建设提出了更高的要求,只有不断总结山西省自建国以来的水利建设投资的成绩与经验,提高治水、用水的思想认识水平,制定积极的政策法规,鼓励水利建设投资,引进和运用先进技术发展水利事业,才能不断为山西经济社会的发展所服务。
[Abstract]:In ancient times, Shanxi was rich in water resources, but with the change of environment, water resources began to be scarce day by day, and even became a barren land with nine years of drought. At present, Shanxi Province is divided into two watersheds and nine water systems, with a total water resources of 5.8477 trillion cubic meters, of which 2.8621 trillion cubic meters of water resources are produced by itself and 115.2 billion cubic meters per capita, ranking 23rd in the country. The average annual rainfall of the province is 3018 mm, which is lower than that of most provinces in China, and the distribution of time and space is uneven, and the annual evaporation is 10 to dozens times of the rainfall. The soil and water loss area of the province is 3.89 million square kilometers, accounting for 85.7 percent of the province's total area. Drought is the first natural disaster in Shanxi Province, and it is also the main reason for restricting the development of agriculture. As a result of the shortage of water resources, the industrial development of the province has also been severely restricted. From the strategic perspective of sustainable development, drought and water shortage have always been the main factors restricting the economic and social development of Shanxi Province. Water conservancy construction plays an important role in Shanxi's economic and social development. Since the founding of the people's Republic of China, the level of water conservancy construction in Shanxi Province has always been affected and restricted by the policy environment, economic environment and natural condition environment. In the past 60 years, Shanxi water conservancy construction has experienced recovery and transformation, leap forward and adjustment, stagnation and retrogression. Reform and development and other periods, and achieved unprecedented development. At present, more than 700 large and medium-sized reservoirs have been built, with a total capacity of nearly 5 billion cubic meters, and 200 large and medium-sized irrigation areas with an effective irrigation area of 18 million mu across the province. A drinking water relief project and a drinking water safety project were launched one after another, and more than 10 million people said goodbye to the problem of difficult draught; the area of soil and water loss is 50,000 square kilometers, and more than 4,000 kilometers of river embankments have been built. The gradual development of water conservancy construction investment in Shanxi Province has promoted the economic growth and social stability of the province. Water conservancy construction has made great contributions to the improvement of the people's living standards and the living environment of the people. Water conservancy promotes macroeconomic coordination and healthy development with its huge external and non-economic effects. Water conservancy investment can promote the development of regional economy through the allocation of resources and the inflow of investment. At the same time, water conservancy plays a very important role in urbanization, industrialization and agricultural development. Since the reform and opening up, Shanxi water conservancy reform and development has made remarkable achievements, but compared with the requirements of economic and social development, water conservancy investment intensity is obviously insufficient, the construction progress is obviously lagging behind, and the level of guarantee is obviously low. In the period of the 12th Five-Year Plan, the rapid development of economy and society has put forward higher requirements for Shanxi water conservancy construction. Only by continuously summarizing the achievements and experiences of Shanxi Province's water conservancy construction investment since the founding of the people's Republic of China, Only by making positive policies and regulations, encouraging investment in water conservancy construction, introducing and applying advanced technology to develop water conservancy cause can we serve the economic and social development of Shanxi.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F426.91

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