抽水蓄能电站渣场布置及防护研究

发布时间：2018-06-17 04:52

本文选题：抽水蓄能电站 + 弃渣场　；参考：《西北农林科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：抽水蓄能电站利用电力负荷低谷时的电能抽水至上水库，在电力负荷高峰期再放水至下水库发电的水电站。抽水蓄能电站一般由上水库、下水库、引水发电系统、附属工程等组成，选址时利用相近的天然河道或湖泊，且地形具备成库条件，由人工围建形成水库，或利用已有水库进行改造作为抽水蓄能电站水库。因抽水蓄能电站为浩大的土木工程，在建设中将进行大量的土石方开挖、料场开采，不可避免的产生废弃的渣土，若这些弃渣得不到合理的堆放和防护，不仅增加工程成本，而且可能会引发水土流失，对工程安全运行和环境造成影响。因此，抽水蓄能电站渣场的选址布置和防护是工程规划设计和建设中十分重要的内容。本论文以广东梅州抽水蓄能电站一期工程为研究对象，通过分析抽水蓄能电站的运行特点、电站建设过程弃渣的来源和组成，根据电站所在地的地形地貌、地质条件、气象、水文、土壤、植被、水土流失现状等自然环境概况，对广东梅州抽水蓄能电站弃渣的来源和数量进行深入分析，并对当地自然环境条件下弃渣可能造成的水土流失形式及危害进行了分析研究，依据国内水土流失防治的相关法律法规、规程规范的强制要求，对电站弃渣场的布置进行了规划和研究，并提出抽水蓄能电站弃渣场的防护措施体系。主要研究结论包括： (1)抽水蓄能电站建设涉及枢纽工程坝基及坝肩、料场、道路路基、施工场地等开挖，开挖土石方根据其特性将部分用于回填，但无用料将被废弃，形成弃渣，最大限度地利用开挖料用于电站建设的回填，可减少弃渣，就近堆放弃渣，可减少水土流失，因此，合理分析弃渣的来源和数量是抽水蓄能渣场布置的首要条件。 (2)对于无法利用的土石方，必须选择合理的堆放场集中堆弃，而渣场的选择和布置不仅要满足法律规范的要求，还应结合电站自身的布置特点，提高土地利用率，便于运输和防护施工，且不会发生水土流失危害。 (3)在不同的自然环境条件下，不同的弃渣堆放形式将引发不同的水土流失，只有对特定条件下弃渣堆放场水土流失形式及危害研究清楚，才能有的放矢的提出针对性的防护措施。 (4)弃渣场的防护是抽水蓄能电站水土流失防护的重点，不同的渣场布置和施工阶段应布设不同的防护措施，并且在保证渣场稳定的前提下，，提高水土资源的综合利用率。
[Abstract]:Pumped-storage power station uses the electric energy pumped up reservoir when the electric load is low, and releases water to the hydropower station at the peak of the power load to the lower reservoir to generate electricity. Pumped-storage power stations are generally composed of upper reservoir, lower reservoir, diversion power system, ancillary projects, etc. When selecting the site, they use similar natural rivers or lakes, and the topography has the conditions for reservoir formation, and a reservoir is formed by artificial construction. Or use the existing reservoir for reconstruction as a pumped storage power station reservoir. Because the pumped storage power station is a huge civil engineering project, a large amount of earth and rock excavation will be carried out in the construction, and the waste residue will inevitably be produced by mining the material yard. If the waste residue is not properly stacked and protected, it will not only increase the cost of the project. And it may cause soil erosion, which will affect the safe operation and environment of the project. Therefore, the location arrangement and protection of the slag field of pumped storage power station is very important in the engineering planning, design and construction. This paper takes the first stage project of Meizhou pumped Storage Power Station in Guangdong Province as the research object. By analyzing the operation characteristics of the pumped storage power station, the source and composition of the waste residue in the construction process of the power station, according to the topography and geomorphology, geological conditions and meteorology of the site of the power station, The natural environment, such as hydrology, soil, vegetation, soil erosion and so on, is analyzed in depth on the source and quantity of the waste residue of Meizhou pumped Storage Power Station in Guangdong Province. The forms and harm of soil and water loss caused by waste residue in local natural environment are analyzed and studied. According to the relevant laws and regulations of soil and water loss prevention and control in China, the compulsory requirements of rules and regulations are given. The layout of the waste slag field of the power station is planned and studied, and the protective measures system of the waste slag field of the pumped storage power station is put forward. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the construction of pumped storage power station involves excavation of dam foundation and abutment, material yard, road subgrade, construction site, etc. The excavation of earth and rock will be used partly for backfill according to its characteristics. However, the waste material will be abandoned, forming the waste slag, and the excavating material will be used in the backfill of the power station construction to the maximum extent, which can reduce the waste slag, give up the slag in the nearest reactor, and reduce the soil erosion, so, Reasonable analysis of the source and quantity of the waste slag is the most important condition for the layout of the pumped storage slag field. The selection and layout of the slag yard should not only meet the requirements of the legal norms, but also combine the layout characteristics of the power station itself, improve the utilization ratio of the land, facilitate transportation and protection construction, And no soil and water loss harm will occur. 3) under different natural environment conditions, different disposal forms of waste slag will lead to different soil and water loss. Only the study of soil and water loss forms and hazards in the dump yard under specific conditions is clear. In order to put forward targeted protection measures, the protection of waste slag yard is the key point of soil and water loss protection of pumped storage power station. Different protection measures should be set up in different slagging field arrangement and construction stage. On the premise of ensuring the stability of slag field, the comprehensive utilization ratio of soil and water resources is improved.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV743;S157

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