青藏高原可可西里卓乃湖溃堤成因及其影响分析

发布时间：2018-06-22 21:58

  本文选题：可可西里 + 卓乃湖　； 参考：《冰川冻土》2016年02期

【摘要】：受青藏高原暖湿化趋势的影响,近年来高原湖泊水位普遍上涨,湖泊溃堤时有发生.利用青藏高原可可西里卓乃湖、库赛湖、海丁诺尔湖和盐湖所在区域的TM(ETM+)等历史文献数据和环境减灾卫星(HJ1A/B)CCD数据,结合五道梁气象站气温、降水资料,分析了卓乃湖周边湖泊面积变化情况.结果表明:1961-2014年近54 a来,可可西里地区持续增加的降水是卓乃湖溃堤的基础,2011年8月22日之前的两次强降水过程和之后的持续降水是导致卓乃湖湖水大量外泄,并最终溃堤的主要原因;溃堤前的两次地震可能对卓乃湖的湖盆结构产生了一定的影响,从而加速了溃堤过程.溃堤导致湖岸线退缩,并产生大片的沙化土地,恶化了藏羚羊的产仔环境,对周边草地生态环境和重大工程设施产生了不利影响.
[Abstract]:Under the influence of the trend of warm and humidity in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the water level of the plateau lake has generally risen in recent years, and the lake break has occurred from time to time. Using historical literature data such as Hoh Xili Zhuonai Lake, Kusai Lake, Haidinor Lake and Salt Lake area of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and environmental disaster reduction satellite (HJ1A / B) CCD data, combined with temperature and precipitation data at Wudaoliang weather station, The changes of lake area around Zhuonai Lake are analyzed. The results show that in the past 54 years from 1961 to 2014, the continuous increase of precipitation in Hoh Xili area is the basis for the breakwater break of Zhuonai Lake. The two heavy precipitation processes before August 22, 2011 and the continuous precipitation after August 22, 2011 resulted in a large amount of water release from Zhuonai Lake. Finally, the main cause of the breakage; the two earthquakes before the breakup may have a certain impact on the structure of the lake basin of Zhuonai Lake, thus speeding up the breakup process. The break of the levee caused the receding of the lake-shore line and produced a large area of desertified land which worsened the litter production environment of the Tibetan antelope and adversely affected the ecological environment of the surrounding grassland and major engineering facilities.
【作者单位】： 兰州大学草地农业科技学院;青海省气象科学研究所;甘肃省科学院自然能源研究所;青海省水文水资源勘测局;
【基金】：长江学者和创新团队发展计划项目(IRT13019) 国家农业部科技项目(201203006) 国家自然科学基金项目(41261004)资助
【分类号】：TV871
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本文编号：2054355