海岸防护工程建筑物类型与效果研究

发布时间：2018-06-24 08:48

本文选题：海岸侵蚀 + 海岸淤积　；参考：《大连理工大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：海岸带是陆地与海洋的接触地带,也是全球生态环境的脆弱带,易受风暴潮、海平面上升和人类活动的影响,常出现海岸线变迁、海岸侵蚀、港湾淤积等现象,也容易发生环境污染等一系列海岸带环境问题。因此,从事海岸地貌的研究,了解海岸的演变过程与变化趋势,掌握海岸防护技术方法,对港口建设、围垦、旅游等自然资源的合理开发利用,都有着十分重要的意义。我国的海岸整治措施以传统硬工程措施、线防护为主。由于海岸综合整治耗资巨大、技术难度高,目前仅在个别海域开展,尚缺乏全国性的海岸综合整治方案。对于海岸侵蚀、港湾淤积等海域空间资源受损问题相关的整治理论与工程技术没有较为系统的研究,更无规范性的整治规划设计技术方法体系可供参考。本文用控制体的概念解释了海岸演变机制,调查了我国海岸类型及分布、海岸问题的特点、原因及研究背景。通过借鉴欧美等国家成熟的海岸工程手册,并在对比各国海岸工程手册规范和分析海岸成功整治案例的基础上,总结了海堤、丁坝、离岸堤、人工沙滩、人工岬湾养滩综合法等常用侵蚀防护工程措施以及防波堤、防沙导流堤等防沙防淤工程措施的特点、设计标准和技术规范,并给出它们的适用范围,及建议的组合方式,以发挥综合的海岸整治防护效果。为了提高海岸带的综合利用价值,充分发挥其经济、社会、生态效益,海岸防护观念从原来线的防护转变为面的防护,将海岸带作为一个整体进行综合整治和利用开发。结合国内外成功的工程实例,总结归纳了海岸综合整治和综合开发的原则和方法。文中最后做了总结并指出本文的不足之处。
[Abstract]:Coastal zone is the contact zone between land and ocean, and it is also the fragile zone of global ecological environment. It is vulnerable to storm surges, sea level rise and human activities, and often occurs such phenomena as coastline changes, coastal erosion, estuary siltation and so on. Also prone to environmental pollution and a series of coastal environmental problems. Therefore, it is of great significance to study coastal landforms, to understand the evolution process and trend of the coast, to master the technical methods of coastal protection, and to develop and utilize the natural resources such as port construction, reclamation, tourism and so on. China's coastal regulation measures to traditional hard engineering measures, line protection. Because of the huge cost and high technical difficulty of coastal comprehensive regulation, it is only carried out in individual sea area at present, and there is still no national comprehensive coastal treatment plan. There is no systematic study on the regulation theory and engineering technology related to the damage of spatial resources in coastal erosion, harbor siltation and other sea areas, and there is no normative technical system of regulation planning and design for reference. In this paper, the mechanism of coastal evolution is explained by the concept of control body, and the types and distribution of coast in China, the characteristics, causes and research background of coastal problems are investigated. Based on the reference of mature coastal engineering manuals in Europe and America, and on the basis of comparing the specifications of coastal engineering manuals and analyzing the successful coastal regulation cases, the seawall, spur dike, offshore embankment, artificial sand beach are summarized. The characteristics, design standards and technical specifications of the commonly used erosion protection engineering measures, such as artificial headland beach maintenance comprehensive method, breakwater, sand diversion dike and so on, are given, and their applicable scope and suggested combination mode are given. In order to play a comprehensive coastal protection effect. In order to improve the comprehensive utilization value of the coastal zone and give full play to its economic, social and ecological benefits, the concept of coastal protection changed from the protection of the original line to the protection of the surface, and the coastal zone as a whole was comprehensively renovated and exploited. Combined with successful engineering examples at home and abroad, the principles and methods of comprehensive coastal regulation and development are summarized. At the end of the paper, the author summarizes and points out the deficiency of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U656.3

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