综合物探在锦屏一级水电大坝质量检测中的研究与应用

发布时间：2018-06-26 19:09

本文选题：单孔声波法 + 地震CT层析成像　；参考：《西南交通大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：水电站大坝同其他建筑物一样,都会从建成使用、渐趋老化最后直到消亡,为了延长水电大坝使用寿命,对大坝消亡过程实行有效的控制,需对在建及已建成大坝进行质量检测。经济且有效的利用地球物理探测方法对水电大坝坝基岩体进行勘察及评价,提出合适的探测方法,会产生良好的经济效益和社会效益。锦屏一级水电大坝地质条件复杂,断层、层间挤压错动带、节理裂隙、深部裂缝等发育严重,灌浆施工技术难度也大大增加,灌浆效果直接影响到大坝的后续运行安全。本文以锦屏水电大坝建基面岩体质量检测为工程背景,对大坝基础帷幕灌浆和固结灌浆等进行综合物探检测。综合单孔声波、地震波CT层析成像、钻孔电视和钻孔变模等四种物探检测方法,对水电大坝固结灌浆进行质量检测,并对各物探方法的适宜性及各方法之间的相关性进行研究和优选。对综合物探方法在坝基抗力体地质缺陷评价中进行了研究分析,单孔声波法、地震波CT层析成像及钻孔变模能反映岩体物性参数,钻孔电视能更好的反映岩体特征,均与现场的岩体质量具有较好的对应关系,地质缺陷在各物探方法结果中均有较好的体现。单孔声波采用一发双收的探测技术,其检测孔布置便利、检测范围广,而且探测精度高,能对灌浆质量进行定量评价,且探测得到声波曲线对裂隙发育地段反映强烈,但不能反映与钻孔平行方向构造,而且单孔声波不能探测一定区域范围的灌浆质量；地震波CT层析成像技术方法可反映两孔之间的软弱岩带和较差岩体情况,但处理数据量很大；钻孔电视全景成像可直观观测岩体质量等级划分和裂隙发育情况,但不能对灌浆质量进行定量评价；钻孔变模直接反应岩体的抗变形能力,但探测过程要求很高。针对各物探方法优缺点,对锦屏一级水电大坝进行质量检测,采用以单孔声波为主,地震波CT层析成像、钻孔电视和钻孔变模为辅助的检测手段。
[Abstract]:Hydropower dams, like other buildings, are built and used, aging and finally dying out. In order to extend the service life of hydropower dams, the process of dam extinction is effectively controlled. It is necessary to check the quality of the dam under construction and already completed. It is economical and effective to use geophysical detection method to investigate and evaluate the foundation rock mass of hydropower dam, and to put forward a suitable detection method, which will produce good economic and social benefits. The geological conditions of Jinping first class hydropower dam are complex, fault, interlayer compression dislocation zone, joint fissure, deep crack, and so on, and the difficulty of grouting construction technology is greatly increased. The grouting effect directly affects the safety of the dam's subsequent operation. In this paper, based on the engineering background of quality detection of foundation rock mass of Jinping Hydropower Dam, comprehensive geophysical exploration is carried out for curtain grouting and consolidation grouting of dam foundation. Combining four geophysical detection methods, such as single hole acoustic wave, seismic wave CT tomography, borehole television and borehole changing mode, the quality of consolidation grouting of hydropower dam is tested. The suitability of each geophysical prospecting method and the correlation between each method are studied and optimized. The comprehensive geophysical exploration method is studied and analyzed in the evaluation of the geological defects of the dam foundation resistance body. The single hole acoustic wave method, seismic wave CT tomography and borehole changing model can reflect the physical parameters of the rock mass, and the borehole television can better reflect the rock mass characteristics. The geological defects are well reflected in the results of various geophysical prospecting methods. The single hole acoustic wave adopts the detection technology of one generation and two collection. The detection hole arrangement is convenient, the detection range is wide, the detection precision is high, the grouting quality can be quantitatively evaluated, and the acoustic wave curve can reflect the crack development area strongly. But it can not reflect the parallel direction structure with the borehole, and the single hole acoustic wave can not detect the grouting quality in a certain area, and the seismic wave CT tomography technique can reflect the weak rock zone and the poor rock mass between the two holes. But the processing data is very large, the borehole television panoramic imaging can directly observe the rock mass quality classification and the crack development, but can not carry on the quantitative evaluation to the grouting quality, the borehole changes the mold directly to reflect the rock mass to resist the deformation ability, But the detection process is very demanding. Aiming at the merits and demerits of each geophysical exploration method, the quality test of Jinping grade I hydropower dam is carried out by means of single hole acoustic wave, seismic wave CT tomography, borehole television and borehole changing mode.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV221.2;P631

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