变化环境下黄河下游治理模式对河床冲淤的影响

发布时间：2018-07-01 17:57

本文选题：黄河下游 + 变化水沙形势　；参考：《水力发电学报》2017年09期

【摘要】：针对近年来入黄水沙量减小的形势,结合黄河下游滩区治理的新思路,利用一维水沙数学模型开展了长历时尺度的下游河道模拟研究。采用2013年汛前实测大断面作为初始地形,针对年均来沙3亿t、6亿t和8亿t三组水沙情景,分别模拟了现状宽河治理模式和防护堤窄河治理模式下下游河道未来50年的冲淤演变趋势,重点关注了累计冲淤量、沿程冲淤分布、滩槽冲淤分布和平滩流量等要素的变化趋势。结果表明:三种水沙情景下窄河模式整体均较宽河模式表现为减淤,其中在来沙3亿t的情景下,窄河治理模式的减淤效果在沿程各河段均有体现;在来沙6亿t和8亿t的情景下,窄河治理模式在游荡型和弯曲型河段有所减淤,但在过渡河段增淤,可导致驼峰淤积现象,河床冲淤规律相对复杂,对治理模式的影响需要进一步研究。
[Abstract]:In view of the situation that the amount of water and sediment into the Yellow River is decreasing in recent years, combined with the new idea of harnessing the beach area of the lower Yellow River, the simulation study of the downstream channel of the long duration scale has been carried out by using the one-dimensional mathematical model of water and sediment. Using the large section measured before the flood season in 2013 as the initial terrain, the three groups of water and sediment scenarios of 300 million t, 600 million tons and 800 million tons of sand per year were used. This paper simulates the trend of erosion and siltation evolution of the downstream river in the next 50 years under the current control mode of wide river and the narrow river regulation mode of berm, and focuses on the accumulative amount of scour and deposition, which is distributed along the path of scour and deposition. The change trend of the factors such as beach channel scour and silt distribution and beach discharge. The results show that the narrow river model is less silt than the wide river model under the three water and sediment scenarios, and the silt reduction effect of the narrow river control model is reflected in every reach along the channel under the condition of 300 million tons of leisha. Under the scenarios of 600 million tons and 800 million tons of leisha, the narrow river control model reduces the silt in wandering and curved reaches, but increases the siltation in the transitional reach, which can lead to hump siltation, and the rules of river bed scouring and silting are relatively complex. The impact on governance model needs further study.
【作者单位】：清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室;青海大学省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室;长江科学院水资源综合利用研究所;
【基金】：水利部公益性行业专项(201401002) 国家自然科学基金(51379102;91547204) 国家重点研发计划(2016YFC04022500)
【分类号】：TV147;TV882.1

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