马踏湖湿地生态需水量及补水方案研究

发布时间：2018-07-10 14:45

本文选题：马踏湖 + 湿地　；参考：《山东大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：马踏湖湿地位于山东省淄博市桓台县北端,是鲁中地区最大的湿地,自上世纪60年代,因过度开发和湿地上游来水水质恶化等原因,湿地面积萎缩严重,为恢复湿地生态环境,当地政府先后实施了马踏湖湿地环湖水系工程等基础性工程措施,湿地萎缩趋势得以控制,但前期的规划设计均未对马踏湖湿地生态修复所需要的水量进行明确的分析计算,没有具体补水方案,引水补水盲目性大。本次论文结合马踏湖湿地现已实施的工程措施和恢复目标,核算湿地不同生态目标的需水量,并提出合理的湿地补水方案,为马踏湖湿地的修复、管理和政府决策提供参考。主要研究内容如下：1、分析马踏湖湿地现状存在的问题,结合湿地保护规划,指出对马踏湖湿地生态需水量和补水方案进行研究的目的、背景及意义。明确马踏湖湿地生态需水量计算内容,即维持湿地水量不变、水质不变及维护生态系统功能等3个生态修复目标下的需水量。2、在查阅资料和实际调查的基础上,结合目前国内外在生态需水量、生态补水方面的研究方法,细化论文研究内容,确定采用水量平衡法、物质平衡法和生态法对马踏湖湿地生态需水量进行计算。得出了马踏湖湿地在维持湿地水量不变、水质不变及维护生态系统功能等3个生态修复目标对应的近期(2020年)远期(2030年)的生态需水量分别是1497.7万m3、2481.2万m3、8850.1万m3；2021.3万m3、1878.6万m3、7672.7万m3。3、通过对马踏湖湿地可引水量和不同保护目标的生态需水量进行对比分析,结合在建工程实际,确定了马踏湖湿地补水方案,即用中水、矿坑水、天然径流、水库引水作为基本引水水源,客水作为补充水源的补水方案。对可引水量和引客水水量进行了计算,基本引水水源近期、远期可引水量分别为3083.8万m3,5495.8万m3；维持湿地水量不变、水质不变的的生态需水量,以中水作为补水水源。维护生态系统功能的需水量需联合补水。论文在查阅资料和实地调查的基础上,对马踏湖湿地生态需水量和补水方案进行了研究分析并得出相应结果,可为马踏湖湿地生态修复管理提供参考。
[Abstract]:Mata Lake Wetland, located at the northern end of Huantai County, Zibo City, Shandong Province, is the largest wetland in the middle of Shandong Province. Since the 1960s, due to excessive exploitation and deterioration of water quality in the upper reaches of the wetland, the wetland area has shrunk seriously, in order to restore the wetland ecological environment. The local government has successively carried out basic engineering measures such as the Mata Lake Wetland Rim system Project and so on, and the trend of wetland shrinkage has been brought under control. However, none of the previous planning and design has made a clear analysis and calculation of the amount of water needed for the ecological restoration of the Mata Lake wetland. There is no specific water supply program, diversion water supply blindness. This paper combines the engineering measures and restoration targets of Mata Lake wetland, calculates the water demand of different ecological targets of wetland, and puts forward a reasonable wetland water supply scheme, which can provide reference for the restoration, management and government decision of Marta Lake wetland. The main research contents are as follows: 1. The problems existing in the current situation of Marta Lake wetland are analyzed. Combined with the wetland protection planning, the purpose, background and significance of the study on ecological water demand and water supply scheme of the wetland are pointed out. The calculation content of ecological water requirement of Marta Lake wetland is defined, that is, the water requirement of three ecological restoration objectives, namely, keeping the wetland water quantity unchanged, water quality unchanged and maintaining ecosystem function, is defined. On the basis of consulting data and actual investigation, Combined with the research methods of ecological water demand and ecological water supply at home and abroad, the research contents of this paper are refined, and the water balance method, material balance method and ecological method are adopted to calculate the ecological water demand of Mata Lake wetland. It is concluded that the ecological water demand of the wetland in the near term (2020) and in the long term (2030) is 14.977 million m3, 24.812 million m3 and 88.501 million m3, respectively, corresponding to the three ecological restoration objectives of maintaining the wetland water quantity, water quality and ecosystem function. 20.213 million m 3, 18.786 million m 3, 76.727 million m 3. Through comparative analysis of the amount of water diversion and ecological water demand of different protection targets in Mata Lake Wetland, combined with the actual construction project, the water supply scheme of Mata Lake Wetland is determined, that is, using reclaimed water, mine pit water, natural runoff, etc. Reservoir diversion as the basic source of water diversion, guest water as a supplementary water supply scheme. The quantity of water diversion and the quantity of water for visitors are calculated. In the near future, the long-term water diversion is 30.838 million m ~ 3 and 54.958 million m ~ 3, respectively. The ecological water demand, which maintains the same amount of wetland water and invariable water quality, takes the middle water as the source of supplementary water. Water requirements for maintaining ecosystem functions require combined rehydration. On the basis of consulting data and field investigation, this paper studies and analyzes the ecological water demand and water supply scheme of Mata Lake wetland, and obtains the corresponding results, which can provide a reference for the ecological restoration and management of the wetland in Mata Lake.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TV213.4

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