水力插板透水丁坝水流特性及冲淤规律试验研究
发布时间：2018-07-18 21:19
【摘要】：新疆塔里木河流域粉细砂河道的洪灾成因、护岸工程现状和存在的问题都表明,研究更安全、更经济、更亲水的新型护岸建筑物,以适应新疆粉细砂河道的河型、水沙特性、演变规律及洪灾特点,是一项亟需解决的科研问题。水力插板透水丁坝新型护岸结构的提出,有利于提高新疆粉细砂河道治理工程的防洪效益。本文采用室内动床模型试验结合理论分析对水力插板透水丁坝作用区水流特性及冲淤规律进行了试验研究。研究成果为水力插板透水丁坝护岸机理的进一步研究打下试验基础,对粉细砂河道护岸工程建设有重要的参考价值。研究了不同有效坝长(Be)、透水率(RP)、挑角(θ)、流量(Q)条件下的水力插板透水丁坝作用区水流特性。在清水条件下,通过正交试验,采用极差分析方法,得到水力插板透水丁坝缓流效果影响因素的影响排序为有效坝长、挑角、透水率,及缓流效果最优设计参数组合为有效坝长25cm、透水率30%、挑角45°。进而根据最优设计参数组合进行模型试验,得出不同有效坝长、透水率、挑角、流量对水力插板透水丁坝作用区水流流速、横向水面线、纵向水面线的影响规律:水力插板透水丁坝有效坝长越长,坝前和坝后流速越小;透水率越大,坝前流速和坝后流速越大;挑角越大,坝前流速越小,坝后流速越大;有效坝长越长、透水率越小、挑角越大,则坝前水位越高,坝后水位越低,水位差越大。研究了不同含沙量、挑角、流量条件下的水力插板透水丁坝作用区冲淤规律。试验结果分析表明:(1)当含沙量变化时,透水丁坝作用区横向冲刷宽度和纵向冲刷长度随含沙量的增大而减小,坝头最大冲刷深度变化不大;坝后横向淤积宽度、纵向淤积长度和最大淤积高度随含沙量的增大而增大。(2)当含沙量不变时,透水丁坝作用区横向冲刷宽度和纵向冲刷长度随挑角的增大而增大,坝头最大冲刷深度随挑角的增大先增大后减小;坝后横向淤积宽度和纵向淤积长度随挑角的增大而减小,最大淤积高度随挑角增大先增大后减小。
[Abstract]:The causes of flood, the present situation and the existing problems of silty sand channel in Tarim River Basin of Xinjiang show that it is necessary to study new types of revetment structures, which are safer, more economical and more hydrophilic, in order to adapt to the river type, water and sediment characteristics of fine silt river in Xinjiang. The law of evolution and the characteristics of flood disaster is a scientific research problem that needs to be solved urgently. A new type of revetment structure of hydraulic plug plate permeable spur dam is put forward, which is helpful to improve the flood control benefit of silty sand river treatment project in Xinjiang. In this paper, the characteristics of water flow and the law of scour and deposition in the action zone of hydraulic plug plate permeable spur dike are studied by using indoor moving bed model test combined with theoretical analysis. The research results lay the experimental foundation for the further study of the revetment mechanism of hydraulic plug plate permeable spur dike, and have important reference value for the construction of silty sand river revetment engineering. The flow characteristics of hydraulic plug plate permeable spur dike under different effective dam length (be), permeability (RP), angle (胃) and discharge (Q) are studied. Under the condition of clear water, by means of orthogonal test and range analysis method, it is obtained that the influencing factors of hydraulic plug plate permeable spur dike are effective dam length, angle and permeability. The optimum design parameters of the slow flow effect are as follows: the effective dam length is 25 cm, the permeability is 30, and the angle is 45 掳. Then according to the optimal design parameter combination, the model test is carried out, and the different effective dam length, permeability, angle of lift and discharge to the flow velocity and transverse water surface line in the zone of hydraulic plug plate permeable spur dam are obtained. The influence law of longitudinal water surface line: the longer the effective dam length, the smaller the velocity in front and behind the dam; the larger the permeability, the greater the velocity in front of dam and behind dam; the bigger the angle is, the smaller the velocity in front of dam and behind dam; The longer the effective dam is, the smaller the permeable rate is and the greater the angle is, the higher the water level in front of the dam is, the lower the water level behind the dam is, and the bigger the water level difference is. The law of erosion and deposition of hydraulic plug plate permeable spur dike under different sediment content, angle and discharge is studied. The experimental results show that: (1) when the sediment content changes, the transverse scour width and longitudinal scour length decrease with the increase of sediment content, and the maximum scour depth of the dam head does not change much, while the lateral siltation width behind the dam decreases. The longitudinal siltation length and the maximum silt height increase with the increase of sediment content. (2) when the sediment content is constant, the transverse scour width and longitudinal scour length increase with the increase of the angle. The maximum scour depth of the dam head increases first and then decreases with the increase of the angle, while the transverse siltation width and the longitudinal siltation length decrease with the increase of the angle, and the maximum silt height increases first and then decreases with the increase of the angle.
【学位授予单位】：新疆农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TV863;TV147
本文编号：2132800
[Abstract]:The causes of flood, the present situation and the existing problems of silty sand channel in Tarim River Basin of Xinjiang show that it is necessary to study new types of revetment structures, which are safer, more economical and more hydrophilic, in order to adapt to the river type, water and sediment characteristics of fine silt river in Xinjiang. The law of evolution and the characteristics of flood disaster is a scientific research problem that needs to be solved urgently. A new type of revetment structure of hydraulic plug plate permeable spur dam is put forward, which is helpful to improve the flood control benefit of silty sand river treatment project in Xinjiang. In this paper, the characteristics of water flow and the law of scour and deposition in the action zone of hydraulic plug plate permeable spur dike are studied by using indoor moving bed model test combined with theoretical analysis. The research results lay the experimental foundation for the further study of the revetment mechanism of hydraulic plug plate permeable spur dike, and have important reference value for the construction of silty sand river revetment engineering. The flow characteristics of hydraulic plug plate permeable spur dike under different effective dam length (be), permeability (RP), angle (胃) and discharge (Q) are studied. Under the condition of clear water, by means of orthogonal test and range analysis method, it is obtained that the influencing factors of hydraulic plug plate permeable spur dike are effective dam length, angle and permeability. The optimum design parameters of the slow flow effect are as follows: the effective dam length is 25 cm, the permeability is 30, and the angle is 45 掳. Then according to the optimal design parameter combination, the model test is carried out, and the different effective dam length, permeability, angle of lift and discharge to the flow velocity and transverse water surface line in the zone of hydraulic plug plate permeable spur dam are obtained. The influence law of longitudinal water surface line: the longer the effective dam length, the smaller the velocity in front and behind the dam; the larger the permeability, the greater the velocity in front of dam and behind dam; the bigger the angle is, the smaller the velocity in front of dam and behind dam; The longer the effective dam is, the smaller the permeable rate is and the greater the angle is, the higher the water level in front of the dam is, the lower the water level behind the dam is, and the bigger the water level difference is. The law of erosion and deposition of hydraulic plug plate permeable spur dike under different sediment content, angle and discharge is studied. The experimental results show that: (1) when the sediment content changes, the transverse scour width and longitudinal scour length decrease with the increase of sediment content, and the maximum scour depth of the dam head does not change much, while the lateral siltation width behind the dam decreases. The longitudinal siltation length and the maximum silt height increase with the increase of sediment content. (2) when the sediment content is constant, the transverse scour width and longitudinal scour length increase with the increase of the angle. The maximum scour depth of the dam head increases first and then decreases with the increase of the angle, while the transverse siltation width and the longitudinal siltation length decrease with the increase of the angle, and the maximum silt height increases first and then decreases with the increase of the angle.
【学位授予单位】：新疆农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TV863;TV147
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