有局部边界约束的明流泄洪洞泄流特异性与水力优化研究
发布时间：2018-07-31 15:41
【摘要】：洞、渠组合的长距离泄流系统受大变幅水流条件的影响和局部边界约束,沿程流态十分复杂,因此泄流安全的研究十分必要.本文借助水力模拟与理论分析,以某抽水蓄能电站水库的明流泄洪洞、渠系统为例,研究了复杂运用条件的水力学特性.研究发现泄流过程中因边界约束出现的洞内水跃使跃后缓流段过流能力剧减,引发洞内壅塞与明渠局部漫溢,出现水深随流量改变呈驼峰曲线变化的泄流特异性.这一特异性与洞内水跃的发生及当地的流态转换密切相关,表现为无量纲水深与水流Fr的波状函数关系,相应的特征水深则随Fr呈幂函数规律变化.针对洞内水跃引发的洞内壅塞与明渠漫溢等泄流安全问题,基于多目标、多约束条件的水力优化分析,提出了"抑制洞内水跃强度、控制流量与流态协调性"的泄流运行原则,并据此对泄流系统进行了体型优化.试验研究表明通过调整泄流系统的纵横剖面,协调各段的泄流能力与流态,控制特殊部位的水流能量关系,可以有效削弱、控制局部边界约束引发的泄流特异性,消除洞内壅塞,满足复杂水流条件下的泄流安全要求.
[Abstract]:The long distance discharge system combined with tunnels and channels is affected by the large amplitude flow conditions and the local boundary constraints, and the flow along the stream is very complex, so it is necessary to study the safety of discharge. With the aid of hydraulic simulation and theoretical analysis, the hydraulic characteristics of complex operating conditions are studied by taking the open flow drainage tunnel and canal system of a reservoir of a pumped storage power station as an example. It is found that the water jump in the tunnel due to boundary constraints decreases the flow capacity of the slow flow section, causing congestion and local overflow of the open channel and the leakage specificity of the water depth changing with the flow rate. This specificity is closely related to the occurrence of the water jump in the hole and the local flow state transformation, showing that the dimensionless water depth is related to the wave function of water flow Fr, and the corresponding characteristic water depth changes with the law of power function. Aiming at the leakage safety problems caused by water jump in the tunnel, such as choking and overflow of open channel, based on the hydraulic optimization analysis of multi-objective and multi-constraint conditions, the principle of "restraining the intensity of hydraulic jump in the tunnel and controlling the coordination of flow and flow state" is put forward. Based on this, the shape optimization of the discharge system is carried out. The experimental results show that by adjusting the longitudinal and horizontal profile of the discharge system, coordinating the discharge capacity of each section with the flow pattern, and controlling the energy relationship of the flow in the special position, the discharge specificity caused by the local boundary constraints can be effectively weakened and controlled. The congestion in the tunnel is eliminated to meet the safety requirements of discharge under complicated flow conditions.
【作者单位】： 西安理工大学西北旱区生态水利工程国家重点实验室培育基地;华北水利水电大学水力学及河流研究所;绍兴市水利局;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(51579206,51579013) 陕西省水利厅科技计划项目(2017slkj-17)
【分类号】：TV135.2
本文编号：2156040
[Abstract]:The long distance discharge system combined with tunnels and channels is affected by the large amplitude flow conditions and the local boundary constraints, and the flow along the stream is very complex, so it is necessary to study the safety of discharge. With the aid of hydraulic simulation and theoretical analysis, the hydraulic characteristics of complex operating conditions are studied by taking the open flow drainage tunnel and canal system of a reservoir of a pumped storage power station as an example. It is found that the water jump in the tunnel due to boundary constraints decreases the flow capacity of the slow flow section, causing congestion and local overflow of the open channel and the leakage specificity of the water depth changing with the flow rate. This specificity is closely related to the occurrence of the water jump in the hole and the local flow state transformation, showing that the dimensionless water depth is related to the wave function of water flow Fr, and the corresponding characteristic water depth changes with the law of power function. Aiming at the leakage safety problems caused by water jump in the tunnel, such as choking and overflow of open channel, based on the hydraulic optimization analysis of multi-objective and multi-constraint conditions, the principle of "restraining the intensity of hydraulic jump in the tunnel and controlling the coordination of flow and flow state" is put forward. Based on this, the shape optimization of the discharge system is carried out. The experimental results show that by adjusting the longitudinal and horizontal profile of the discharge system, coordinating the discharge capacity of each section with the flow pattern, and controlling the energy relationship of the flow in the special position, the discharge specificity caused by the local boundary constraints can be effectively weakened and controlled. The congestion in the tunnel is eliminated to meet the safety requirements of discharge under complicated flow conditions.
【作者单位】： 西安理工大学西北旱区生态水利工程国家重点实验室培育基地;华北水利水电大学水力学及河流研究所;绍兴市水利局;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(51579206,51579013) 陕西省水利厅科技计划项目(2017slkj-17)
【分类号】：TV135.2
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