石羊河流域综合治理在水资源方面的成效研究

发布时间：2018-08-09 11:19

【摘要】：石羊河流域综合治理自2006年3月启动,2015年底治理措施基本完成。本文以2006年为界限,对石羊河流域综合治理前后的地表水资源量、地下水资源量以及地下水埋深变化进行评价和对比分析;进行了平原区的地下水均衡计算;建立了武威盆地和民勤盆地地表水和地下水资源的系统转化模型;在治理实施后的水资源条件下,进一步预测了地下水位的变化情况。对石羊河流域综合治理在水资源方面取得的成效进行评估,得到以下主要结论:(1)通过计算得出石羊河流域地表水资源量为15.63亿m_3;多年平均(1980~2015年)地下水补给量11.91亿m_3,地下水资源量9.57亿m_3,地下水可开采量10.39亿m_3。(2)通过对比分析得出:石羊河综合治理实施后,地下水总补给量较治理前增加1.3%,排泄量较治理前减少17.6%,地下水资源量较治理前增加10.0%,蓄变量增加118.3%;石羊河流域综合治理前武威盆地、民勤盆地地下水实际开采量均大于可开采量,超采系数分别为0.06、0.51,治理后武威盆地、民勤盆地实际开采量小于可开采量,超采问题得到缓解,这与地下水水位下降趋势得到遏制相一致。(3)根据监测数据分析,得出2007-2015年地下水埋深变化情况:武威盆地的环河灌区、金羊井泉灌区地下水埋深减小,水位上升,其余地区水位下降;民勤盆地的泉山井泉灌区、湖区水库灌区地下水埋深减小,地下水水位上升,其余地区水位下降。(4)对降水、径流变化趋势采用加法模型预估,通过建立的武威盆地水资源系统转化模型、民勤盆地水资源系统转化模型对2020年、2030年地下水位动态进行预测,结果显示:(1)武威盆地,地表水来水量保证率为P=25%、P=50%、P=75%时,2020年地下水水位变幅分别为0.238m、0.051m、-0.125m;2030年地下水水位变幅分别为0.214m、0.041m、-0.119m;(2)民勤盆地在现阶段制定的控制方案下,2020年、2030年地下水水位变幅分别为0.474m、0.500m。
[Abstract]:Comprehensive management of Shiyang River Basin has been completed since March 2006. Taking 2006 as the limit, the paper evaluates and compares the changes of surface water resources, groundwater resources and groundwater depth before and after comprehensive management in Shiyang River Basin, and calculates the groundwater balance in plain area. A systematic transformation model of surface water and groundwater resources in Wuwei Basin and Minqin Basin is established, and the change of groundwater level is further predicted under the condition of water resources management. To evaluate the effectiveness of comprehensive management of water resources in the Shiyang River Basin, The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the amount of surface water resources in Shiyang River basin is 1.563 billion m / d; the annual average (1980 ~ 2015) groundwater supply is 1.191 billion m ~ (3), groundwater resource is 957 million m ~ (3), and groundwater exploitation is 1.039 billion m ~ (3). (2) After comprehensive management of Shiyang River was carried out, The total recharge of groundwater increased by 1.3%, the amount of excretion decreased 17.6%, the quantity of groundwater resources increased 10.0 and the storage variable increased 118.3%. The actual exploitation of groundwater in Minqin basin is greater than that of mining capacity, and the overproduction coefficient is 0.06 ~ 0.51, respectively. After harnessing the Wuwei basin, the actual exploitation amount of Minqin basin is less than the recoverable amount, and the overmining problem is alleviated. According to the analysis of monitoring data, the variation of groundwater depth from 2007 to 2015 is obtained. The groundwater depth in Huanhe Irrigation area and Jinyang Jingquan Irrigation area in Wuwei Basin decreases, and the water level rises. In Quanshan Jingquan Irrigation area of Minqin Basin, groundwater buried depth decreases, groundwater level rises in Lake Reservoir Irrigation area, and Water level in other areas decreases. (4) the trend of precipitation and runoff change is predicted by additive model. Based on the model of water resources system transformation in Wuwei Basin and the water resources system transformation model of Minqin Basin, the groundwater table dynamics in 2020 and 2030 are predicted. The results show that: (1) Wuwei Basin, When the guarantee rate of surface water inflow is P ~ (25) / P ~ (50) and P = 75m, the variation range of groundwater level in 2020 is 0.238 mU 0.051 m ~ (-1) -0.125 m; in 2030, the range of groundwater level is 0.214 m ~ 0.041 m ~ (-1) -0.119 m; (2) in the Minqin Basin, the range of groundwater level in 2020 is 0.474 m ~ (-1) 0.500 m under the current control scheme.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TV213.4;TV882.8

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