基于生态海绵流域视角的河湖联控方案研究——以湖南省凤凰县为例

发布时间：2018-08-12 13:26

【摘要】：海绵城市建设除了实施一系列低影响开发措施之外,还需通过河湖联控措施调丰济枯,实现保障径流总量控制率以及其他城市排水防涝安全、供水安全、生态安全等一系列涉水控制目标。基于生态海绵流域的视角,提出了海绵城市在建成区外和建成区内的建设思路以及相应的河湖联控策略:建成区外主要是做好城市防洪治涝的顶层设计,构建城市外围水安全保障体系,统筹考虑解决城市外围流域内的防洪安全、水资源、水环境、水生态等问题;建成区内以城市河湖为核心,科学安排、因地制宜进行城市海绵体建设,构建多尺度排水系统,弹性应对不同强度的降雨。以湖南省凤凰县为例进行了应用研究。结果表明,河湖联控方案实施后:(1)结合LID等其他海绵城市建设措施,凤凰县年径流总量控制率预期将达到82.9%,满足80%的目标要求;(2)凤凰县防洪排涝标准可以由目前的10年一遇提高到20年一遇的水平;(3)城乡供水保证率预期将达到98%,满足大于95%的目标要求;(4)雨水收集利用率预期将达到20%,满足大于10%的目标要求。可见,研究制定的凤凰县河湖联控方案在技术上是可行的,有效解决了凤凰县的防洪、水资源短缺和生态用水问题,为凤凰县的海绵城市建设提供了有力支撑和保障。
[Abstract]:In addition to the implementation of a series of low-impact development measures, the construction of sponge cities also needs to adjust abundant and dry water by means of river and lake joint control measures, so as to ensure the total runoff control rate and the safety of drainage and waterlogging prevention and water supply in other cities. Ecological security and a series of water control objectives. Based on the view of ecological sponge watershed, the construction idea of sponge city outside and within the built area and the corresponding river and lake control strategy are put forward: the top design of flood control and waterlogging control outside the completed area is mainly done well. To construct a security system of water security in the periphery of a city, to consider as a whole the problems of flood control safety, water resources, water environment, and water ecology in the peripheral watersheds of the city, and to make scientific arrangements in the region with urban rivers and lakes as the core, According to the local conditions, the construction of urban sponge, the construction of multi-scale drainage system, elastic response to rainfall of different intensities. Taking Fenghuang County of Hunan Province as an example, an application study was carried out. The results show that: (1) combined with LID and other sponge city construction measures, The annual total runoff control rate of Fenghuang County is expected to reach 82.9, meeting the target requirement of 80%; (2) the standard of flood control and drainage in Fenghuang County can be raised from the current once in 10 years to the level of once in 20 years; (3) the guarantee rate of urban and rural water supply is expected to reach 98%, which is full. (4) the utilization rate of Rain Water collection is expected to reach 20%, meeting the target requirement of more than 10%. It can be seen that the scheme of river and lake control in Fenghuang County is technically feasible, which effectively solves the problems of flood control, shortage of water resources and ecological water use in Fenghuang County, and provides a strong support and guarantee for the construction of sponge city in Fenghuang County.
【作者单位】：中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室;中国水利水电科学研究院水资源研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(51522907,51279208) 流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室团队重点课题(2016ZY02)
【分类号】：TV213.4

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