水闸胸墙结构的有限元分析

发布时间：2018-08-18 12:25

【摘要】：胸墙,是水利工程中最常见的工程细部结构之一,利用胸墙可以挡水,降低闸门尺寸和启闭机力,增加闸室横向刚度,提高工程的可靠性和安全性。胸墙分为简支形式和固支形式,其中简支式胸墙与闸墩分开浇筑,在工程设计中一般按简支计算；固支式胸墙与闸墩同期浇筑,工程设计中按两端固支计算。然而两种计算方法的假设均不完善,计算比较粗略,与实际情况不相符,因为胸墙与闸墩的连接不能简单的看成简支和固支连接。胸墙设置的是否合理经济将直接影响工程的安全运行和工程建成后的经济效益。因此有必要对胸墙的结构计算进行研究,完善其设计理论和方法,同时也对闸室结构计算理论的进一步完善有着重要意义。本文,以典型的板式胸墙结构为例：首先,建立了单孔水闸有限元模型,针对简支和固支两种情况来比较分析；结果得出在迎水面一侧,固支式胸墙端部产生较大拉应力,简支式拉应力数值较小,应力分布比较均匀；在背水面一侧,胸墙中部产生较大拉应力,且简支式大于固支式。其次,为了找出材料力学或结构力学(以下仅简单用材料力学代替)计算方法中不符合实际情况的地方,本文将有限元软件计算的弯矩与材料力学方法计算的弯矩进行了比较,寻找两种计算方法所得结果的规律。经分析比较发现,在固支情况下,材料力学计算得出的结果与有限元方法计算得出的结果存在一定的联系,并且前者大后者很多,说明材料力学计算方法偏保守。而在简支情况下,材料力学是认为端部是为零的,但是有限元计算得出的端部弯矩并不为零,说明材料力学方法在端部不符合实际情况。也就是说简支式胸墙并不能简单看成简支连接。最后,本文建立了两孔的水闸整体有限元模型,并与单孔胸墙应力进行比较,分析结果得到整体情况下胸墙由于受侧土压力,其应力要比单孔的大,应力状态更复杂。可见整个闸室两侧对胸墙应力的影响是不能忽略的。
[Abstract]:The chest wall is one of the most common detail structures in water conservancy projects. The use of the chest wall can keep water, reduce the size of the gate and the force of the hoist, increase the lateral stiffness of the gate chamber, and improve the reliability and safety of the project. The chest wall is divided into simple supporting form and fixed support form, in which the simple supported chest wall and the pier are poured separately, generally calculated according to the simple support in the engineering design, and the fixed supporting chest wall and the pier are poured simultaneously, and in the engineering design, the fixed support is calculated according to the two ends. However, the assumptions of the two methods are not perfect, the calculation is rough, and not in accordance with the actual situation, because the connection between the chest wall and the pier can not be simply regarded as simple support and fixed connection. Whether the chest wall is reasonable or not will directly affect the safe operation of the project and the economic benefits after the project is completed. Therefore, it is necessary to study the structure calculation of the chest wall, improve its design theory and method, at the same time, it is of great significance for the further improvement of the structural calculation theory of the gate chamber. In this paper, a typical plate-type chest wall structure is taken as an example: firstly, a finite element model of single-hole sluice is established to compare and analyze the two cases of simple support and fixed support. Large tensile stress is produced at the end of the retaining chest wall, and the stress distribution of the simply supported chest wall is more uniform than that of the simple support type, while on the back side of the water surface, the central part of the chest wall produces a large tensile stress, and the simple support type is larger than the fixed support type. Secondly, in order to find out where the calculation method of mechanics of materials or structural mechanics (which is simply replaced by mechanics of materials) does not accord with the actual situation, the bending moment calculated by finite element software is compared with the moment calculated by the method of mechanics of materials. To find out the law of the results obtained by two calculation methods. Through analysis and comparison, it is found that the results of material mechanics calculation are related to the results obtained by finite element method in the case of fixed support, and the former is a lot of the latter, which shows that the calculation method of material mechanics is conservative. In the case of simple support, the end of the material mechanics is considered to be zero, but the end moment calculated by the finite element method is not zero, which indicates that the method of material mechanics is not in line with the actual situation in the end part. In other words, simply supported chest wall can not be seen simply as a simple support connection. Finally, the whole finite element model of the sluice with two holes is established and compared with the stress of the single hole chest wall. The analysis results show that the stress of the chest wall is larger than that of the single hole because of the lateral earth pressure, and the stress state is more complex. It can be seen that the influence of the two sides of the gate chamber on the stress of the chest wall can not be ignored.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV66

【参考文献】