基于无线传感器网络的河流防洪预警技术研究

发布时间：2018-09-10 08:41

【摘要】：水文是水利的基础性工作，得到各级政府的高度重视。防洪预警是水文工作的基础，做好防洪预警工作，对确保防洪安全、财产安全、经济发展等，具有极端重要的作用。我国是洪水多发国，怎么进行有效的防洪预警工作，至关重要。随着当今科学技术的不断发展，传统的防洪预警技术已经不能完全满足人们的防洪预警期望与要求。无线传感器网络(WSN，Wireless Sensor Networks)具有自组织、部署快速、屏蔽干扰性强、无需人工值守等优点。将大量由传感器、微处理器以及通信模块共同组合而成的微型节点部署在待监控区域当中，这些节点能够自组织构成无线局域网络，收集监测数据，通过多跳的方式将监测到的关于洪水的信息无线发送到监测中心，组成水文无线传感器防洪预警系统。它是解决传统的防洪预警信息采集技术存在观测点少、数据采集慢、传输不可靠等缺点的有效办法。本文主要针对湖南省衡阳市的湘江河，展开了基于ZigBee协议的无线传感器网络的防洪预警技术研究。首先介绍了选题背景、国内外研究现状、论文主要研究内容，为选择基于ZigBee的无线传感器网络提供前提理论基础；然后对无线传感器网络和ZigBee协议进行了相关的简单介绍；通过对网络结构以及系统应用环境的分析，对系统整体进行了设计；其次对论文的核心模块部分，网络内各个节点的硬件和软件的详细设计进行了介绍，硬件设计采用CC2530主芯片和CC2591射频芯片来实现，并给出了协调器节点、路由器节点、终端节点的软件设计流程图；接着介绍了监控中心的设备选型设计，利用LabVIEW软件作为分析处理数据的工具进行实时数据分析显示；之后给出确定预警参数的方法，并在实验室条件下对系统进行了仿真测试；最后对本文所做的研究工作进行了总结，，并对工作中的不足进行了展望。
[Abstract]:Hydrology is the basic work of water conservancy and is highly valued by governments at all levels. Flood control early warning is the basis of hydrological work. It plays an extremely important role in ensuring flood control safety, property safety, economic development and so on. Our country is flood-prone country, how to carry on the effective flood control early warning work, is very important. With the continuous development of science and technology, the traditional flood control early warning technology can not fully meet the expectations and requirements of flood control early warning. Wireless sensor network (WSN,Wireless Sensor Networks) has the advantages of self-organization, fast deployment, strong interference shielding and no manual guard. A large number of micro-nodes composed of sensors, microprocessors and communication modules are deployed in the monitoring area. These nodes can self-organize into a wireless local area network to collect monitoring data. The information about flood is sent wireless to the monitoring center by multi-hop method, and the hydrological wireless sensor flood prevention and warning system is formed. It is an effective method to solve the shortcomings of traditional flood control and early warning information collection technology, such as few observation points, slow data acquisition, unreliable transmission and so on. This paper focuses on the Xiangjiang River in Hengyang City, Hunan Province, and studies the flood control and early warning technology of wireless sensor networks based on ZigBee protocol. Firstly, this paper introduces the background of the selected topic, the current research situation at home and abroad, the main research contents, and provides the theoretical basis for choosing the wireless sensor network based on ZigBee. Then, it introduces the wireless sensor network and ZigBee protocol. Through the analysis of the network structure and the system application environment, the whole system is designed. Secondly, the core module of the paper, the detailed design of the hardware and software of each node in the network are introduced. The hardware design is realized by CC2530 main chip and CC2591 RF chip, and the software flow chart of coordinator node, router node and terminal node is given. The LabVIEW software is used as the tool to analyze and process the data, and then the method of determining the early warning parameters is given, and the system is simulated and tested under the condition of laboratory. Finally, the research work done in this paper is summarized, and the shortcomings of the work are prospected.
【学位授予单位】：南华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV87;TN92;TP212.9

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