生态输水前后塔里木河干流生态系统服务价值的变化过程

发布时间：2018-09-13 11:56

【摘要】：分析塔里木河干流生态输水前生态系统退化过程中生态服务价值的变化,以及输水后生态恢复过程中生态服务价值的变化。基于RS/GIS技术,利用1990、2000、2010年3期Landsat TM/ETM遥感影像,分别提取土地利用/覆被类型信息,同时结合谢高地、Costanza等计算生态服务价值的方法。结果表明:塔里木河干流土地利用类型的生态系统服务价值从1990年到2000年减少了11.43亿元,减少了8.5%,以每年1.14亿元的速度下降,主要是由于天然林地、灌草地、湿地和内陆水体面积大幅减少,导致该区的自然资本的价值不断损失;在塔里木河生态输水期间(2000-2010年),生态系统服务价值增加了12.57亿元,增加了10.21%,以每年1.26亿元的速度增加,主要是由于自2000年开始的生态输水工程引起内陆水体面积的增加所至。结论:生态输水前,塔河干流生态服务价值呈总体下降趋势;生态输水过程中,生态服务价值呈上升趋势。
[Abstract]:The changes of ecosystem service value during the process of ecosystem degradation and the change of ecological service value during ecological restoration after water transfer in the main stream of Tarim River were analyzed. Based on RS/GIS technology, three Landsat TM/ETM remote sensing images of 1990 and 2010 were used to extract land use / cover type information, and to calculate the value of ecological services. The results showed that the ecosystem service value of the land use type in Tarim River decreased by 1.143 billion yuan and 8.5 yuan from 1990 to 2000, and decreased at the rate of 114 million yuan per year, mainly due to the natural forest land, irrigation and grassland. The area of wetlands and inland water bodies has been greatly reduced, resulting in the continuous loss of the value of natural capital in the area; during the ecological water conveyance period of the Tarim River (2000-2010), the value of ecosystem services increased by 1.257 billion yuan, an increase of 10.21 yuan, and an increase of 126 million yuan per year. This is mainly due to the increase of inland water area caused by ecological water conveyance project which began in 2000. Conclusion: before ecological water transfer, the value of ecological service in the main stream of Tahe River decreased generally, and the value of ecological service showed an upward trend during the process of ecological water transfer.
【作者单位】：新疆兵团勘测设计院(集团)有限责任公司;中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所;
【基金】：水利部公益性行业科研专项(201501060)
【分类号】：TV672;X171

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