低影响开发城市雨水管理辅助决策系统构建

发布时间：2018-10-12 16:16

【摘要】：随着我国城市化进程的快速发展,地表覆盖状况急剧改变,由此出现了一系列环境问题,其中较突出的就是城市的雨洪管理。传统的雨洪管理模式更多地注重于城市雨水的简单快速排放,使得城市在处理较大径流量时容易出现洪涝灾害、水质污染等问题。为解决该问题,使人类与环境能够和谐相处、可持续发展,我国借鉴基于低影响开发的城市暴雨控制等理念和技术,采用多渠道、多方法管理城市雨水。在大数据时代,管理城市雨水排放相关数据信息、辅助选择低影响开发措施、评价规划方案控制效果就成了关键。本文借鉴国内外相关城市雨水管理方法,以Visual Studio 2010为开发平台,Geodatabase为系统数据库,采用C#语言结合Arc GIS Engine组件,利用水文水力及水质等相关城市管网排水计算原理,模拟城市雨水排放过程,构建了低影响开发城市雨水管理辅助决策系统的构建。系统实现了以下基本功能:1)图形图像与文本数据的管理;2)LID设施选址分析;3)选址方案的雨水控制效果评价。以铁路民祥园小区为研究对象,通过日降水量累积频率曲线,分析其低影响开发可行性。收集整理该地区下垫面地形、土壤、土地利用、气象、排水管网等数据,利用该系统对上述数据进行管理和并辅助进行低影响开发措施的规划。结合研究区实际情况,选择生物滞留设施、透水铺装、雨水桶、绿色屋顶四项低影响开发设施,为其提供合适的选址区域,并评价该选址方案的雨水的控制效果。结果表明该系统可以有效调节控制小尺度、高频率中小降雨的径流排放效果,从而辅助规划人员开展区域低影响开发工作,为后期城市雨水管理及土地利用规划提供决策支持。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of urbanization in China, the situation of surface cover has changed dramatically, and a series of environmental problems have emerged, among which the most prominent one is the management of rainwater and flood in cities. The traditional rain and flood management model pays more attention to the simple and rapid discharge of urban Rain Water, which makes the city prone to flood disaster and water pollution when dealing with large runoff. In order to solve this problem and make human and environment get along harmoniously and develop sustainably, our country draws lessons from the concept and technology of urban rainstorm control based on low-impact development, and adopts multi-channel and multi-method to manage city Rain Water. In big data's time, it is the key to manage the relevant data and information of the urban Rain Water emissions and to select the low-impact development measures to evaluate the control effect of the planning scheme. This paper draws lessons from the management method of Rain Water at home and abroad, takes Visual Studio 2010 as the development platform, Geodatabase as the system database, adopts C # language combined with Arc GIS Engine module, and makes use of the calculation principle of hydrology, hydraulic power and water quality and so on. This paper simulates the emission process of urban Rain Water, and constructs a decision support system for the management of the low-impact development city Rain Water. The system realizes the following basic functions: 1) management of graphics, image and text data; 2) location analysis of LID facilities; 3) evaluation of Rain Water control effect of site selection scheme. Taking Minxiangyuan district as the research object, the feasibility of low impact development was analyzed through the cumulative frequency curve of daily precipitation. The data of the underlying terrain, soil, land use, meteorology and drainage network were collected and sorted. The system was used to manage the above data and to assist in the planning of low impact development measures. According to the actual situation of the study area, four low-impact development facilities, such as biological retention facility, permeable pavement, rain bucket and green roof, were selected to provide suitable site selection area, and to evaluate the control effect of Rain Water. The results show that the system can effectively adjust and control the runoff discharge effect of small scale, high frequency, small and medium rainfall, so as to assist planners to carry out regional low impact development work, and to provide decision support for late urban Rain Water management and land use planning.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU992;TV213.9

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