近30年黄河下游河道深泓线摆动特点

发布时间：2018-10-19 10:11

【摘要】：冲积河流深泓摆动具有复杂的时空变化特点,其摆动特点对于研究黄河下游河势变化及河床演变规律具有重要意义。以1986—2015年黄河下游91个淤积断面汛后实测地形资料为基础,计算下游断面及河段尺度的深泓摆动宽度及强度,分析近30年来黄河下游各河段的深泓摆动特点,并探讨游荡段深泓摆动强度的主要影响因素。结果表明:深泓摆动方向具有往复性,各断面深泓摆动宽度呈现上段大、中下段小的特点;小浪底水库运行后下游深泓摆动宽度大大降低,游荡段、过渡段和弯曲段年均深泓摆动宽度较水库运行前分别减小了47%、37%和41%;河床边界条件(滩槽高差、河床组成等)对游荡段深泓摆动强度有一定影响,但上游来水来沙条件是主要影响因素;建立了游荡段深泓摆动强度与该河段前4年平均水流冲刷强度的幂函数关系,并对经验公式进行了验证。
[Abstract]:The deep swinging of alluvial rivers is characterized by complex temporal and spatial variations, which is of great significance to the study of river regime change and riverbed evolution in the lower reaches of the Yellow River. Based on the measured topographic data of 91 silt sections in the lower reaches of the Yellow River from 1986 to 2015, the width and intensity of the deep swinging of the downstream sections and reaches are calculated, and the characteristics of the deep swinging of the lower reaches of the Yellow River in the past 30 years are analyzed. The main factors influencing the wobble intensity of the wandering section are also discussed. The results show that the direction of deep wobble is reciprocating, the width of deep wobble of each section is large in upper section and small in middle and lower section, the width of deep wobble in lower reaches of Xiaolangdi Reservoir decreases greatly after operation, The average annual depth wobble width of the transition section and the bend section is reduced by 4737% and 41%, respectively, compared with that of the reservoir before operation, and the boundary conditions of the river bed (beach height difference, river bed composition, etc.) have some influence on the wobble intensity of the wandering section. The relationship between the wobble intensity of the wandering section and the average scour intensity of the river in the first four years is established, and the empirical formula is verified.
【作者单位】：武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51379156;51579186)~~
【分类号】：TV147

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