梯级水电站—光伏电站联合优化调度的研究

发布时间：2018-10-19 19:11

【摘要】：随着我国改变能源结构政策的进一步实施,光伏发电在我国得到了大力推广。而由于光伏发电具有间歇性、波动性、随机性的特点,大规模并网时会对电网造成冲击。而我国水力资源丰富,如何利用水电启动灵活、调峰能力突出的特点与光伏电站形成互补,使二者作为联合系统统一调度,以发挥各个电源的优势,回避各个电源的劣势,一直以来都是优化调度领域的热门研究问题。本文对梯级水电站与光伏电站的特点进行了分析,结合现有的国内外对水光联合调度的技术发展现状,对梯级水电站与光伏电站联合优化调度的优势进行阐述。提出了联合调度的方案,该方案将梯级水电站与光伏电站作为一个整体接受调度。先根据天气情况预测出一天内光伏电站的出力曲线,再由上游来水的水文数据确定一天中上游的来水量,结合当地负荷的要求进行梯级水电站与光伏电站的联合运行优化。论文探讨了梯级水电站与光伏电站联合优化调度的相关问题,提出了以日发电量最大、剩余负荷曲线最为平滑为双目标的联合优化短期调度模型。旨在提高联合系统的经济效益的同时,保证联合系统的调峰、改善剩余负荷曲线、避免弃光现象的发生。后引入基于小生境归档法的改进多目标布谷鸟算法对模型进行求解。以某河流域下游三级梯级水电站与周边两期光伏电站为实例对此优化调度的方案、模型、算法进行验证。使用枯水期、丰水期两种典型日的水文数据,针对晴天、阴天、雨天三种天气条件下的光伏预测数据分别进行计算分析。验证了本文理论的实用性及有效性,为梯级水电站与光伏电站的联合短期优化调度提供了新思路。
[Abstract]:With the further implementation of the policy of changing the energy structure in China, photovoltaic power generation has been vigorously promoted in China. Because of the intermittent, fluctuating and random characteristics of photovoltaic power generation, large-scale grid connection will impact the power grid. However, our country is rich in hydraulic resources, how to make use of the characteristics of flexible start and outstanding peak-shaving ability of water and electricity to complement the photovoltaic power station, and make the two systems be unified dispatching as a joint system, so as to give full play to the advantages of each power source and avoid the disadvantages of each power supply. It has always been a hot research problem in the field of optimal scheduling. In this paper, the characteristics of cascade hydropower stations and photovoltaic power stations are analyzed, and the advantages of optimal operation of cascade hydropower stations and photovoltaic power stations are expounded according to the present development situation of water and light combined operation technology at home and abroad. A scheme of joint dispatching is proposed in which cascade hydropower stations and photovoltaic power stations are accepted as a whole. According to the weather conditions, the output curve of photovoltaic power station is forecasted in one day, then the water quantity of the upper reaches is determined from the hydrological data of upstream water, and the combined operation optimization of cascade hydropower station and photovoltaic power station is carried out according to the local load requirements. This paper discusses the problems related to the joint optimal dispatching of cascade hydropower stations and photovoltaic power stations, and puts forward a joint optimal short-term dispatching model with the maximum daily power generation and the smoothest residual load curve. The purpose of this paper is to improve the economic benefit of the joint system, to ensure the peak shaving of the joint system, to improve the residual load curve, and to avoid the phenomenon of light abandonment. Then an improved multi-objective cuckoo algorithm based on niche archiving is introduced to solve the model. The optimal scheduling scheme, model and algorithm are verified by the example of a three-stage cascade hydropower station in the lower reaches of a river basin and a photovoltaic power station in the surrounding area. The hydrological data of two typical days in dry and high water periods were used to calculate and analyze the photovoltaic prediction data under three weather conditions: sunny cloudy and rainy. The practicability and validity of the theory are verified and a new idea is provided for the combined short-term optimal operation of cascade hydropower stations and photovoltaic power stations.
【学位授予单位】：西安理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TV737

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