天津市城市雨水利用技术指南研究

发布时间：2018-10-26 13:18

【摘要】：随着城市的快速发展，水资源供需矛盾日益严重。水资源短缺已成为制约城市持续发展的重要因素，，尤其是我国北方地区，很多大中城市属于严重资源型缺水，天津市是资源型缺水城市，人均水资源占有量仅为全国人均水平的1/15，远远低于国际人均1000m3的缺水警戒线。雨水作为自然界水循环系统的重要环节，对补充地区水量和调节生态环境起到极其重要的作用。集蓄利用雨水资源是实现城市持续发展的重要途径之一，同时促进资源节约型、生态环境宜居型城市的建设。本课题着重探讨城市雨水利用技术，寻找适用于我国的可持续雨水管理模式，并撰写城市雨水利用指南。课题主要研究内容包括：（1）综合考虑资源、环境、社会、发展、宜居等多方面因素，依据管理区域大小分层次进行控制，提出大流域规划、次级流域规划、环境管理规划及具体雨水管理措施的多层次雨洪管理体系，达到层层滞留、逐级削减，实现区域开发前后径流“零增长”。（2）归纳总结国内外雨水利用工程中所采用的方法及各工程措施的适用情况，包括屋面雨水利用、下凹式绿地、自然净化技术、透水铺装、雨水调蓄及雨水回灌六大类。分析各项工程措施在减轻城市内涝同时，可获得的经济效益、环境效益及社会效益。（3）根据规范及工程实践经验，总结归纳雨水利用工程具体施工方法及设计参数范围，为今后城市雨水工程建设提供规划依据和技术支持。通过研究，提出大流域规划、次级流域规划、环境管理规划及具体雨水管理措施的多层次雨洪管理体系及适合我国国情的“入渗为主，集蓄利用为辅，重自然净化，审慎对待雨水回灌，提倡综合利用”的持续化雨水利用模式。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the city, the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources is becoming more and more serious. The shortage of water resources has become an important factor restricting the sustainable development of cities, especially in the north of China. Many large and medium-sized cities belong to severe water shortage, and Tianjin is a resource-based water shortage city. The per capita water resources per capita is only 1 / 15 of the national average, which is far below the warning level of water shortage of international per capita 1000m3. Rain Water, as an important link of natural water circulation system, plays an extremely important role in replenishing regional water quantity and regulating ecological environment. The collection and utilization of Rain Water resources is one of the important ways to realize the sustainable development of the city. At the same time, it promotes the construction of resource-saving and eco-environment livable cities. This paper focuses on the study of urban Rain Water's use of technology, to find a sustainable mode of management in China, and to write a guide to the utilization of urban Rain Water. The main research contents are as follows: (1) considering various factors such as resources, environment, society, development, livability and so on, according to the management area size and level control, the paper puts forward the large watershed planning, the secondary watershed planning, etc. The multi-level rainwater management system of environmental management planning and concrete Rain Water management measures has reached the level of retention, gradually reduced, and realized the "zero increase" of runoff before and after regional development. (2) summing up the methods used in the utilization project of Rain Water at home and abroad and the application of various engineering measures, including the utilization of the roofing Rain Water, the concave green space, the natural purification technology, the permeable pavement, the Rain Water regulation and storage and the Rain Water recharge. This paper analyzes the economic, environmental and social benefits of various engineering measures in reducing urban waterlogging at the same time. (3) according to the specification and engineering practice experience, the author summarizes Rain Water's use of concrete construction methods and design parameters to provide planning basis and technical support for the future construction of the city Rain Water project. Through research, the paper puts forward the multi-level rainwater management system of large watershed planning, secondary watershed planning, environmental management planning and concrete Rain Water management measures, and the "infiltration as the main factor, the accumulation and utilization as auxiliary, and the natural purification" suitable for China's national conditions. We should treat Rain Water's recharge prudently and advocate the sustainable use mode of "comprehensive utilization".
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV213.9

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