河流水沙二维数学模型在永新特大桥洪评中的应用研究
发布时间：2018-10-31 16:56
【摘要】：实践出真知,水利人非常重视通过实验和实践来解决水利工程难题。从被列入世界文化遗产的都江堰,就是李冰父子通过1:1的水工模型试验不断优化和调整都江堰枢纽工程的分水鱼嘴、飞沙堰、宝瓶口等设施的造型、尺寸、体量和位置,使之成为两千多年来一直发挥着防洪灌溉效益的人类历史上最伟大的水利工程之一。二十世纪九十年代以来,随电脑的普及、软硬件的升级以及各项性能的不断提升,数学模型这种运用数理逻辑方法和数学语言建构的工程模型被利用解决各种工程技术问题,其经济性、可转移性、目的性和逼真性的特征非常显著。在研究河流的泥沙问题时,现代越来越多的工程优先采用了数学模型作为工具进行应用研究。数学模型以数值方法、函数和计算机模拟技术为手段和工具,通过对河流的数值模拟与计算,解决河流水文与水工等相关问题。本文以鲁南高铁永新特大桥为范例,利用二维水沙数学模型作为工具模拟分析计算了跨越浚河的壅水水位和长度,模拟了桥墩附近的冲刷,为优化主体工程设计,减小防洪影响,建立了一套客观、可信的水沙二维数学模型。本文所构建的理论模型可靠性较高,利用了物理模型进行了比较验证,模型的范围选择科学合理,满足向上下游延伸3倍河宽的要求;模型的网格划分采用了 Gambit软件,最大网格10米,与1:2000的比例尺适应,而最小网格2.5米也与桥墩的体量相适应;模型边界条件的设置、模型核心参数的选取客观科学,模型的水面线验证也与历史洪水过程基本一致;最后二维水沙数学模型为防洪评价提供了 20年一遇和100年一年设计洪水桥梁建设前后的壅水高度和范围及其变化;提供了 20年一遇和100年一年设计洪水桥梁建设前后的河床演变数据,给防洪评价工作提供了有效的技术支撑。
[Abstract]:Practical knowledge, water conservancy people attach great importance to solve hydraulic engineering problems through experiment and practice. From Dujiangyan, which is listed as the world cultural heritage, is the model, size, volume and location of the Dujiangyan project's water diversion fish mouth, flying sand Weir, Baoping mouth, etc., which were continuously optimized and adjusted by Li Bing and his son through the 1:1 hydraulic model test. It has become one of the greatest water conservancy projects in the history of mankind, which has been exerting the benefits of flood control irrigation for more than two thousand years. Since the 1990s, with the popularization of computers, the upgrading of software and hardware, and the continuous improvement of various performances, mathematical models, such as engineering models constructed by mathematical logic methods and mathematical languages, have been used to solve various engineering technical problems. Its economic, transferable, purposeful and lifelike characteristics are very significant. In the study of sediment problem in rivers, more and more modern projects use mathematical models as a tool for application research. By means of numerical method, function and computer simulation technology, the mathematical model solves the problems related to river hydrology and hydraulic engineering through numerical simulation and calculation of rivers. In this paper, taking Yongxin Bridge of Southern Shandong Railway as an example, the backwater level and the length of backwater across the dredged river are simulated and calculated by using the two-dimensional mathematical model of water and sediment as a tool, and the scour near the bridge pier is simulated to optimize the design of the main project. A set of objective and reliable two-dimensional mathematical model of water and sediment is established to reduce the influence of flood control. The theoretical model constructed in this paper has high reliability and is verified by the physical model. The range of the model is scientific and reasonable and meets the requirement of extending 3 times the river width to the upper and lower reaches. Gambit software is used to mesh the model, the maximum mesh is 10 meters, which is suitable for the scale of 1: 2000, and the minimum mesh is 2.5 meters for the pier. The setting of the model boundary conditions, the selection of the core parameters of the model are objective and scientific, and the verification of the water surface line of the model is basically consistent with the historical flood process. Finally, the two-dimensional mathematical model of water and sediment provides the backwater height, range and variation before and after the design flood bridge construction in 20 years and 100 years for flood control evaluation. The evolution data of river bed before and after the bridge construction of design flood in 20 years and 100 years are provided, which provides an effective technical support for flood control evaluation.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TV87
本文编号：2302952
[Abstract]:Practical knowledge, water conservancy people attach great importance to solve hydraulic engineering problems through experiment and practice. From Dujiangyan, which is listed as the world cultural heritage, is the model, size, volume and location of the Dujiangyan project's water diversion fish mouth, flying sand Weir, Baoping mouth, etc., which were continuously optimized and adjusted by Li Bing and his son through the 1:1 hydraulic model test. It has become one of the greatest water conservancy projects in the history of mankind, which has been exerting the benefits of flood control irrigation for more than two thousand years. Since the 1990s, with the popularization of computers, the upgrading of software and hardware, and the continuous improvement of various performances, mathematical models, such as engineering models constructed by mathematical logic methods and mathematical languages, have been used to solve various engineering technical problems. Its economic, transferable, purposeful and lifelike characteristics are very significant. In the study of sediment problem in rivers, more and more modern projects use mathematical models as a tool for application research. By means of numerical method, function and computer simulation technology, the mathematical model solves the problems related to river hydrology and hydraulic engineering through numerical simulation and calculation of rivers. In this paper, taking Yongxin Bridge of Southern Shandong Railway as an example, the backwater level and the length of backwater across the dredged river are simulated and calculated by using the two-dimensional mathematical model of water and sediment as a tool, and the scour near the bridge pier is simulated to optimize the design of the main project. A set of objective and reliable two-dimensional mathematical model of water and sediment is established to reduce the influence of flood control. The theoretical model constructed in this paper has high reliability and is verified by the physical model. The range of the model is scientific and reasonable and meets the requirement of extending 3 times the river width to the upper and lower reaches. Gambit software is used to mesh the model, the maximum mesh is 10 meters, which is suitable for the scale of 1: 2000, and the minimum mesh is 2.5 meters for the pier. The setting of the model boundary conditions, the selection of the core parameters of the model are objective and scientific, and the verification of the water surface line of the model is basically consistent with the historical flood process. Finally, the two-dimensional mathematical model of water and sediment provides the backwater height, range and variation before and after the design flood bridge construction in 20 years and 100 years for flood control evaluation. The evolution data of river bed before and after the bridge construction of design flood in 20 years and 100 years are provided, which provides an effective technical support for flood control evaluation.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TV87
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