我国工业节水考核指标和评价机制研究
发布时间：2018-11-07 20:38
【摘要】：我国正处于实现全面建成小康社会宏伟目标、加快推进现代化建设进程的重要时期，水不仅是基础性的自然资源，更是战略性的经济资源。然而水资源短缺、水环境恶化等问题暴露，已对经济社会的可持续发展形成了巨大挑战。特别是工业用水量的大幅度增加，使得我国原本就非常突出的水资源供求矛盾更加尖锐。科学评价我国工业用水的变化趋势及其节水能力，对于实施最严格的水资源管理制度、有效化解水资源危机具有重大意义。通过节水评价，工业企业用水和节水将被更有效地监督；根据评价结果，工业节水各个薄弱环节将被针对性地改善；运用激励机制，工业节水将具有长期性、可持续性。 本文在以往零散的工业节水评价研究基础上，系统地整理、分析、筛选了有效的工业节水评价指标和评价模型，针对工业用水企业和政府有关部门这两个主体分别设计了两套关联的工业节水评价指标体系，并运用层次分析法和熵权法、物元评价模型等方法对两者工业节水进行评价。同时分析了经济发展水平、工业结构、工业水价和节水制度等多个影响因素于工业节水的作用。此外，还比较了本文的综合指标评价体系和以往双指标评价的结果差别，依据评价结果分析了本文的优势所在。工业节水评价机制是保证工业节水评价有效、持续进行的后盾。故本文在两套评价指标体系的基础上，通过用水企业和政府进行工业节水评价的成本收益分析，在企业和政府两个主体之间运用博弈模型设计了具有激励性的评价制度来协调该评价体系的发挥和运作。 研究成果显示，工业水价、节水投资和节水机制是造成地区间工业节水绩效和节水动力差异的重要原因。本文的多指标评价体系不仅涵盖工业行业的用水效率，也容纳了政府宏观上对工业用水管理的要点，能更全面提升企业和政府在工业节水方面长远的绩效。政府有关部门在监管企业工业节水时，罚款是短期内必要手段，但长期来看，，需要鼓励和支持企业的节水投资，并奖罚并存，实现可持续的工业节水。 本文创新之处在于：（1）构建了分别面向企业和政府的两套工业节水评价指标体系，相辅相成，“推”“拉”结合，补充了以往只评价企业工业节水或只评价城市节水的缺憾，使工业节水评价更完整；（2）应用上述两套评价指标体系进行定量评价不仅得到了更具节水导向的评价结果，而且验证了指标体系的合理性和可行性；（3）不仅提出了具有可操作性的指标体系进行工业节水评价，同时也应用两套指标体系的主体之间的博弈，提出保证节水评价可行的评价制度，以激励的、有效的评价机制在工业节水领域内运作，真正做到可持续的节水。
[Abstract]:China is in an important period of realizing the grand goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way and speeding up the process of modernization. Water is not only a basic natural resource, but also a strategic economic resource. However, the shortage of water resources and the deterioration of water environment have posed a great challenge to the sustainable development of economy and society. Especially the large increase of industrial water consumption makes the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources more acute. It is of great significance to scientifically evaluate the changing trend of industrial water use and its water-saving ability for the implementation of the strictest water resources management system and the effective resolution of the water resources crisis. Through water saving evaluation, industrial enterprises' water use and water saving will be supervised more effectively; according to the evaluation results, the weak links of industrial water saving will be improved pertinently; using incentive mechanism, industrial water saving will be long-term and sustainable. On the basis of scattered industrial water-saving evaluation, this paper systematically arranges, analyzes and selects effective evaluation indexes and models of industrial water-saving. Two sets of related industrial water-saving evaluation index systems are designed for industrial water enterprises and government departments respectively. The methods of AHP entropy weight and matter-element evaluation model are used to evaluate industrial water-saving. At the same time, the influence factors such as economic development level, industrial structure, industrial water price and water saving system are analyzed. In addition, the differences between the comprehensive index evaluation system and the previous double-index evaluation results are compared, and the advantages of this paper are analyzed based on the evaluation results. Industrial water-saving evaluation mechanism is the effective and sustainable backing to ensure industrial water-saving evaluation. Therefore, on the basis of two sets of evaluation index system, this paper analyzes the cost and benefit of industrial water-saving evaluation by water enterprises and government. An incentive evaluation system is designed to coordinate the performance and operation of the evaluation system by using the game model between the enterprise and the government. The research results show that industrial water price, water saving investment and water saving mechanism are the important reasons for the difference of industrial water saving performance and water saving power among different regions. The multi-index evaluation system of this paper not only covers the efficiency of water use in industrial industries, but also accommodates the key points of the government's macro-management of industrial water use, which can comprehensively improve the long-term performance of enterprises and governments in industrial water saving. When the relevant government departments supervise the industrial water saving of enterprises, the fine is a necessary means in the short term, but in the long run, it is necessary to encourage and support the enterprises' water-saving investment, and the rewards and penalties coexist to realize the sustainable industrial water-saving. The innovation of this paper lies in: (1) constructing two sets of industrial water-saving evaluation index system for enterprises and governments, which complement each other, "push" and "pull" the combination, It complements the shortcomings of only evaluating industrial water saving in enterprises or only evaluating urban water saving in order to make industrial water saving evaluation more complete. (2) the application of the above two sets of evaluation index system to quantitative evaluation not only obtains more water-saving guidance evaluation results, but also verifies the rationality and feasibility of the index system; (3) not only the operable index system is put forward for industrial water-saving evaluation, but also the game between the main bodies of the two sets of index systems is used to put forward an evaluation system to ensure the feasibility of water-saving evaluation. Effective evaluation mechanism in the field of industrial water-saving operation, truly sustainable water-saving.
【学位授予单位】：浙江理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TV213.4;F424.1
[Abstract]:China is in an important period of realizing the grand goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way and speeding up the process of modernization. Water is not only a basic natural resource, but also a strategic economic resource. However, the shortage of water resources and the deterioration of water environment have posed a great challenge to the sustainable development of economy and society. Especially the large increase of industrial water consumption makes the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources more acute. It is of great significance to scientifically evaluate the changing trend of industrial water use and its water-saving ability for the implementation of the strictest water resources management system and the effective resolution of the water resources crisis. Through water saving evaluation, industrial enterprises' water use and water saving will be supervised more effectively; according to the evaluation results, the weak links of industrial water saving will be improved pertinently; using incentive mechanism, industrial water saving will be long-term and sustainable. On the basis of scattered industrial water-saving evaluation, this paper systematically arranges, analyzes and selects effective evaluation indexes and models of industrial water-saving. Two sets of related industrial water-saving evaluation index systems are designed for industrial water enterprises and government departments respectively. The methods of AHP entropy weight and matter-element evaluation model are used to evaluate industrial water-saving. At the same time, the influence factors such as economic development level, industrial structure, industrial water price and water saving system are analyzed. In addition, the differences between the comprehensive index evaluation system and the previous double-index evaluation results are compared, and the advantages of this paper are analyzed based on the evaluation results. Industrial water-saving evaluation mechanism is the effective and sustainable backing to ensure industrial water-saving evaluation. Therefore, on the basis of two sets of evaluation index system, this paper analyzes the cost and benefit of industrial water-saving evaluation by water enterprises and government. An incentive evaluation system is designed to coordinate the performance and operation of the evaluation system by using the game model between the enterprise and the government. The research results show that industrial water price, water saving investment and water saving mechanism are the important reasons for the difference of industrial water saving performance and water saving power among different regions. The multi-index evaluation system of this paper not only covers the efficiency of water use in industrial industries, but also accommodates the key points of the government's macro-management of industrial water use, which can comprehensively improve the long-term performance of enterprises and governments in industrial water saving. When the relevant government departments supervise the industrial water saving of enterprises, the fine is a necessary means in the short term, but in the long run, it is necessary to encourage and support the enterprises' water-saving investment, and the rewards and penalties coexist to realize the sustainable industrial water-saving. The innovation of this paper lies in: (1) constructing two sets of industrial water-saving evaluation index system for enterprises and governments, which complement each other, "push" and "pull" the combination, It complements the shortcomings of only evaluating industrial water saving in enterprises or only evaluating urban water saving in order to make industrial water saving evaluation more complete. (2) the application of the above two sets of evaluation index system to quantitative evaluation not only obtains more water-saving guidance evaluation results, but also verifies the rationality and feasibility of the index system; (3) not only the operable index system is put forward for industrial water-saving evaluation, but also the game between the main bodies of the two sets of index systems is used to put forward an evaluation system to ensure the feasibility of water-saving evaluation. Effective evaluation mechanism in the field of industrial water-saving operation, truly sustainable water-saving.
【学位授予单位】：浙江理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TV213.4;F424.1
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 石岩;唐运平;许丹宇;侯
本文编号：2317511
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