长距离有压引水式电站过渡过程研究
发布时间：2018-11-10 11:48
【摘要】：水力过渡过程由机组负荷发生变化引发,其间管路、调压设备以及机组联合参与,水击压力波、调压室涌波联合作用。过渡过程的品质直接关系电站的安全运行和所生产电能的质量。大波动过渡过程中,管路压力上升和机组转速上升是最为突出的矛盾,两者均威胁电站的安全,也是研究的重点。而小波动过渡过程在电站正常运行中频繁发生,其调节品质对电能质量影响重大。过渡过程研究的意义在于为电站输水系统提供设计依据,并对电站的安全性和运行的稳定性做出评估。本文在广泛阅读和研究前人成果的基础上,基于有压管道的瞬变流理论,论述了过渡过程的数值解法。针对西北某长距离有压引水式电站,利用特征线法并结合其边界条件,建立了有压管道、调压室、水轮机组的过渡过程数学模型,模拟计算了该电站过水系统的瞬变过程。重点分析了大波动过渡过程中,机组转速、管路压力、调压室涌浪的变化,同时对小波动过渡过程的调节品质进行了仿真计算。据此为电站提供了合理的飞轮力矩、调压室设计参数、最优导叶关闭规律以及初步整定的PID调速器参数,并验证了其是否满足规范的要求,为电站的设计、建设以及安全稳定运行提供了理论依据。
[Abstract]:The hydraulic transition process is caused by the change of unit load, in which the pipeline, pressure regulating equipment and unit are involved, and the combined action of water hammer pressure wave and surge wave of surge chamber is obtained. The quality of the transition process is directly related to the safe operation of the power station and the quality of the electric energy produced. In the process of large wave transition, the rise of pipeline pressure and the increase of unit speed are the most prominent contradictions. Both of them threaten the safety of power station and are also the focus of the research. The small fluctuation transition occurs frequently in the normal operation of the power plant, and its regulating quality has a great influence on the power quality. The significance of the study on the transition process is to provide the design basis for the water conveyance system of the power station, and to evaluate the safety and stability of the power station. On the basis of extensive reading and study of previous achievements, this paper discusses the numerical solution of the transition process based on the transient flow theory of pressurized pipelines. Based on the characteristic line method and the boundary conditions, a mathematical model of the transient process of the pressure pipeline, surge chamber and hydraulic turbine unit is established for a long distance pressurized water diversion power station in northwest China. The transient process of the water passing system of the power station is simulated and calculated. The variation of unit speed, pipeline pressure and surge in surge chamber during the transition process of large wave fluctuation is analyzed emphatically. At the same time, the adjustment quality of small fluctuation transition process is simulated and calculated. Based on this, reasonable flywheel torque, design parameters of surge chamber, optimal guide vane closure rule and PID governor parameters are provided for the power station, and it is verified whether it meets the requirements of the specification and is the design of the power station. Construction and safe and stable operation provide the theoretical basis.
【学位授予单位】：华北水利水电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TV74
本文编号：2322393
[Abstract]:The hydraulic transition process is caused by the change of unit load, in which the pipeline, pressure regulating equipment and unit are involved, and the combined action of water hammer pressure wave and surge wave of surge chamber is obtained. The quality of the transition process is directly related to the safe operation of the power station and the quality of the electric energy produced. In the process of large wave transition, the rise of pipeline pressure and the increase of unit speed are the most prominent contradictions. Both of them threaten the safety of power station and are also the focus of the research. The small fluctuation transition occurs frequently in the normal operation of the power plant, and its regulating quality has a great influence on the power quality. The significance of the study on the transition process is to provide the design basis for the water conveyance system of the power station, and to evaluate the safety and stability of the power station. On the basis of extensive reading and study of previous achievements, this paper discusses the numerical solution of the transition process based on the transient flow theory of pressurized pipelines. Based on the characteristic line method and the boundary conditions, a mathematical model of the transient process of the pressure pipeline, surge chamber and hydraulic turbine unit is established for a long distance pressurized water diversion power station in northwest China. The transient process of the water passing system of the power station is simulated and calculated. The variation of unit speed, pipeline pressure and surge in surge chamber during the transition process of large wave fluctuation is analyzed emphatically. At the same time, the adjustment quality of small fluctuation transition process is simulated and calculated. Based on this, reasonable flywheel torque, design parameters of surge chamber, optimal guide vane closure rule and PID governor parameters are provided for the power station, and it is verified whether it meets the requirements of the specification and is the design of the power station. Construction and safe and stable operation provide the theoretical basis.
【学位授予单位】：华北水利水电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TV74
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