考虑不同生态流量约束的黔中水库群优化调度

发布时间：2018-11-11 11:00

【摘要】：水库大坝等水利工程的修建一定程度上改变了河道内天然径流过程,维持一定的河道内生态流量对于维护河流生态健康十分重要。对于具体的水库群系统而言,维持不同的生态流量会否对发电和供水等兴利目标产生影响以及如何影响值得关注。建立了黔中水库群长期优化调度模型,设置了3套河道内基本生态需水量方案,分别为河道内基本生态需水量为多年平均径流量的10%、15%及汛期(6、7、8月)30%非汛期10%,运行调度模型得到3套方案下的黔中水库群2020水平年调度结果。结果表明,对于黔中水库群而言,整体将河道内基本生态需水量从多年平均径流量的10%提高到15%或者仅将汛期提高到30%对系统的社会经济效益影响均较小,差别在0.1%以内,河道内生态需水与发电及供水是不完全竞争关系,存在一水多用现象。在综合比较上述3套方案调度结果及分析其规律的基础上,设置了方案4(汛期20%,非汛期12%)作为最终推荐的生态调度方案,调度结果表明,该基本生态需水量方案对黔中水库群长期优化调度是适用的。
[Abstract]:The construction of reservoir dam and other water conservancy projects has changed the process of natural runoff in river to some extent, and it is very important to maintain a certain ecological discharge in river to maintain the ecological health of river. For the specific reservoir group system, it is worth paying attention to whether maintaining different ecological flow will have an impact on the benefit target such as power generation and water supply, and how to influence it. In this paper, the long-term optimal operation model of the central Guizhou reservoir group is established, and three sets of basic ecological water demand schemes are set up, which are 10% or 15% of the average annual runoff in the channel and 7% in the flood season, respectively, in which the basic ecological water demand in the river is 10% or 15% of the annual average runoff. During the 30% non-flood season, the operating and dispatching model obtained the 2020 level annual operation results of the Qianzhong Reservoir Group under three sets of schemes. The results show that the overall increase of basic ecological water demand from 10% to 15% of the annual average runoff or only to 30% in flood season has little impact on the social and economic benefits of the system for the central Guizhou reservoir group. The difference is less than 0.1%. The ecological water demand in river is not completely competitive with power generation and water supply. On the basis of synthetically comparing and analyzing the scheduling results of the above three sets of schemes, a scheme 4 (20 in flood season, 12% in non-flood season) is set up as the final recommended ecological scheduling scheme. The scheduling results show that, This basic ecological water demand scheme is applicable to the long-term optimal operation of the central Guizhou reservoir group.
【作者单位】：中国水利水电科学研究院水资源研究所;武汉大学水资源与水电工程国家重点实验室;
【基金】：贵州省科技计划课题(黔科合重大专项字[2012]6013-5) 水利公益性行业科研专项(201501013)
【分类号】：TV697.11

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