郎源水库大坝防渗方案分析与实施

发布时间：2018-11-17 11:53

【摘要】：我国现有的水库中,绝大多数修建于1958年至1976年间,大部分水库是边勘察、边设计、边施工的“三边”工程。有的水库甚至就没有设计,即使有设计,也往往缺乏足够的水文、地质等基础资料。且当时的技术标准和规范极不完善；施工设备简陋,大搞群众运动和人海战术；建设投资不足,频繁停建、缓建造成不少“半拉子”工程。这些先天形成的因素,致使大部分水库的建设从设计到施工均难以保证质量,给水库留下了众多隐患。随着大江大河的初步治理及防洪减灾体系的不断完善,病险水库已成为防洪体系中最为薄弱环节和防洪安全的最大隐患,水库除险加固工作事关防洪安全的大局,事关广大人民群众生命财产安全,国家对病险水库除险加固工作十分重视。进入21世纪以来,国内病险水库除险加固工作的步伐越来越快。目前国内大中型水库除险加固工作目前已进入尾声,小型水库的除险加固工作正处于建设的高峰期,且小型水库数量众多,约占水库总数的95%,其除险加固工作又受到经济条件、施工条件及建设周期等因素影响,投资规模及建设标准等达均不到中型水库的水平。在众多小型水库除险加固工程中大坝防渗加固尤为重要,是保证大坝安全及水库正常运行的重要基础。据统计我国95%的水库大坝为土石坝,针对土坝坝体和坝基防渗加固,如何选取最为经济、适用的防渗体系及施工工艺,对大坝加固后的防渗效果至关重要。本论文以郎源水库除险加固大坝防渗工程为例,该水库为国内重点小(一)型水库,其大坝防渗加固经历了两次不同防渗工艺的设计与施工,分别采用了不同的防渗体系及施工工艺,取得的防渗效果也截然不同,通过对郎源水库大坝所经历的两次不同工艺防渗体系的勘察设计、施工、运行监测进行全过程分析研究,对两次不同防渗体系做出分析、评价,并提出改进措施等。在郎源水库第二次防渗加固取得较好防渗效果后,肯定了深层搅拌桩防渗墙接基岩帷幕灌浆这一防渗体系在国内小型水库除险加固大坝防渗中的重要地位,并找出该方案在朗源水库大坝防渗应用中的不足之处,提出改进措施。得出了在不同地质条件、施工条件及经济条件下,选取合适防渗体系及施工工艺的方法,以达到最佳防渗效果。并在施工材料、施工工序、设备选型等方面提出创新意见,提出加入化学灌浆作为防渗体系的改进措施,使防渗体系能达到最佳防渗效果。
[Abstract]:Most of the existing reservoirs in our country were built from 1958 to 1976. Most of the reservoirs are "trilateral" projects while surveying, designing and constructing. Some reservoirs do not even design, even if there is design, often lack of sufficient hydrological, geological and other basic data. At that time, the technical standards and norms were very imperfect; the construction equipment was simple, the mass movement and the crowd tactics were engaged in; the construction investment was insufficient, the construction was stopped frequently, and the slow construction resulted in a lot of "half-pull" projects. These congenital forming factors make it difficult to guarantee the quality of most reservoir construction from design to construction, leaving many hidden dangers to the reservoir. With the improvement of flood control and disaster mitigation system, the dangerous reservoir has become the weakest link in flood control system and the biggest hidden danger of flood control safety. The reinforcement of reservoir is related to the overall situation of flood control safety. The safety of the lives and property of the masses is concerned, and the state attaches great importance to the strengthening of dangerous reservoirs. Since entering the 21 st century, the step of danger removal and reinforcement in China is getting faster and faster. At present, the work of danger removal and reinforcement of large and medium-sized reservoirs in China has come to an end. The work of eliminating danger and strengthening small reservoirs is in the peak period of construction, and the number of small reservoirs is numerous, accounting for about 95% of the total number of reservoirs. The strengthening work is affected by economic conditions, construction conditions and construction cycles, and the scale of investment and construction standards are not up to the level of medium-sized reservoirs. Dam seepage prevention and reinforcement is particularly important in many small reservoirs. It is an important foundation to ensure dam safety and normal operation of the reservoir. According to statistics, 95% of the reservoir dams in China are earth-rock dams. How to select the most economical, suitable anti-seepage system and construction technology for seepage prevention and reinforcement of earth dams and dam foundations is of great importance to the seepage prevention effect after dam reinforcement. This paper takes Langyuan Reservoir as an example to reinforce dam seepage control project. The reservoir is a small (1) type reservoir in China. The dam seepage prevention and reinforcement has experienced two different seepage control processes design and construction. Different seepage control systems and construction techniques are adopted respectively, and the results of seepage control are very different. Through the investigation, design, construction and operation monitoring of the two different process impervious systems experienced by the dam of Langyuan Reservoir, the whole process analysis and research are carried out. Two different seepage control systems were analyzed, evaluated, and improved measures were put forward. After the second seepage prevention and reinforcement of Langyuan Reservoir has been achieved, the important position of the impervious system of deep mixing pile impervious wall connected with bedrock curtain grouting in strengthening dam seepage control by small reservoirs in China is confirmed. The inadequacies of the application of this scheme in the dam seepage control of Longyuan Reservoir are found out, and the improvement measures are put forward. Under different geological conditions, construction conditions and economic conditions, the appropriate seepage control system and construction technology are selected in order to achieve the best seepage control effect. The paper also puts forward some innovative suggestions on construction materials, construction procedures and equipment selection, and puts forward that chemical grouting can be added as the improvement measure of the seepage control system, so that the anti-seepage system can achieve the best seepage prevention effect.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV698.23;TV543

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