黄河什川吊桥滩河段水流泥沙运动及整治技术研究
发布时间：2018-11-25 07:33
【摘要】：什川吊桥滩河段位于黄河大峡库区，是黄河干流在甘肃境内的一段，上游起始点为小峡水电站，下游终点为大峡水电站。该河段是黄河大峡库区内主要碍航滩险之一，严重影响通过船舶的航行安全。本文结合甘肃省交通运输厅《甘肃省内河水运发展规划》“黄河大峡库区航运建设工程”，以什川吊桥滩河段滩险整治为依托工程，通过收集水文、泥沙、地质、河床形态、地形图等资料，分析、归纳和总结吊桥滩河段的碍航特性和原因；通过河工模型试验对什川吊桥滩的整治方案和整治效果进行研究；利用平面二维水流数学模型对整治前后河段水流要素变化进行计算、分析。取得了以下的研究成果： （1）通过收集河段的水文、泥沙等资料，分析说明了河段的碍航特性及原因，得出什川吊桥滩河段总体呈弯、浅、急、险的特征。 （2）建立了该河段平面比尺为1：100、垂直比尺为1：50的变态河工模型。针对什川吊桥滩河段的滩险特点，，共进行了四组河工模型方案试验，通过对比分析不同方案整治前后河段的通航水流条件和泥沙冲淤变化，推荐方案四为什川吊桥滩河段整治工程的实施方案。工程实施后航道条件得到明显改善，整治效果良好，证明什川吊桥滩河段所采取的浅区挖槽和深槽筑潜坝相结合的整治措施是科学的。 （3）利用什川吊桥滩河段水位及流速等实测资料对建立的平面二维水流数学模型进行了率定和验证。并利用建立的数学模型，对河段整治前后的水流要素进行了计算分析：整治后河段的水面线更为平缓，纵、横比降较天然状态有所减小，流速大小控制在标准范围之内且流态平缓，有利于船舶的航行及停靠。且河段的水面线、纵横比降以及流速、流态的变化与河工模型试验的结果吻合度较高。
[Abstract]:Shichuan Daqiao Beach reach is located in the Daxia Reservoir area of the Yellow River. It is a section of the main Yellow River in Gansu Province. The starting point is Xiaoxia Hydropower Station and the downstream terminal point is Daxia Hydropower Station. The reach is one of the main obstacles to navigation in the Daxia Reservoir area of the Yellow River, which seriously affects the safety of navigation through ships. This paper, based on the Gansu Provincial Communications and Transportation Department and the Gansu Provincial Inland River Water Transport Development Plan, "the Navigation Construction Project of the Daxia Reservoir area of the Yellow River", relies on the regulation of the beach danger of Shichuan suspension bridge beach, through collecting hydrology, sediment, geology, river bed form, etc. Based on topographic maps, the characteristics and causes of obstruction of navigation in the river reach of suspension bridge beach are analyzed, summarized and summarized. The regulation scheme and regulation effect of Shichuan suspension bridge beach were studied by river engineering model test, and the variation of water flow elements before and after regulation was calculated and analyzed by using plane two-dimensional flow mathematical model. The following research results have been obtained: (1) by collecting the hydrological and sediment data of the reach, the characteristics and causes of obstruction of navigation in the reach are analyzed and explained, and the characteristics of the river reach of Shichuan suspension bridge beach in general being curved, shallow, urgent and dangerous are obtained. (2) A metamorphosed river model with a horizontal scale of 1: 100 and a vertical scale of 1:50 is established. In view of the beach risk characteristics of Shichuan suspension bridge beach reach, four groups of river engineering model tests were carried out, and the navigable flow conditions and sediment scour and deposition changes of the reach before and after the regulation of different schemes were compared and analyzed. The recommended scheme four is the implementation plan of the regulation project of Shichuan suspension bridge beach reach. After the implementation of the project, the waterway condition has been obviously improved and the regulation effect is good. It is proved that the combination of shallow dredging and deep trough submersible dam construction in Shichuan suspension bridge beach section is scientific. (3) based on the measured data of water level and velocity of water in Shichuan suspending bridge beach, the mathematical model of planar two-dimensional flow is established and verified. Using the established mathematical model, the factors of water flow before and after regulation are calculated and analyzed: after the regulation, the water surface line of the reach is more smooth, and the drop of longitudinal and transverse ratio is smaller than that of natural state. The flow velocity is controlled within the standard range and the flow state is smooth, which is beneficial to the navigation and docking of ships. The variation of the surface line, aspect ratio, velocity and flow state of the river reach is in good agreement with the results of the river engineering model test.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV143;TV85
[Abstract]:Shichuan Daqiao Beach reach is located in the Daxia Reservoir area of the Yellow River. It is a section of the main Yellow River in Gansu Province. The starting point is Xiaoxia Hydropower Station and the downstream terminal point is Daxia Hydropower Station. The reach is one of the main obstacles to navigation in the Daxia Reservoir area of the Yellow River, which seriously affects the safety of navigation through ships. This paper, based on the Gansu Provincial Communications and Transportation Department and the Gansu Provincial Inland River Water Transport Development Plan, "the Navigation Construction Project of the Daxia Reservoir area of the Yellow River", relies on the regulation of the beach danger of Shichuan suspension bridge beach, through collecting hydrology, sediment, geology, river bed form, etc. Based on topographic maps, the characteristics and causes of obstruction of navigation in the river reach of suspension bridge beach are analyzed, summarized and summarized. The regulation scheme and regulation effect of Shichuan suspension bridge beach were studied by river engineering model test, and the variation of water flow elements before and after regulation was calculated and analyzed by using plane two-dimensional flow mathematical model. The following research results have been obtained: (1) by collecting the hydrological and sediment data of the reach, the characteristics and causes of obstruction of navigation in the reach are analyzed and explained, and the characteristics of the river reach of Shichuan suspension bridge beach in general being curved, shallow, urgent and dangerous are obtained. (2) A metamorphosed river model with a horizontal scale of 1: 100 and a vertical scale of 1:50 is established. In view of the beach risk characteristics of Shichuan suspension bridge beach reach, four groups of river engineering model tests were carried out, and the navigable flow conditions and sediment scour and deposition changes of the reach before and after the regulation of different schemes were compared and analyzed. The recommended scheme four is the implementation plan of the regulation project of Shichuan suspension bridge beach reach. After the implementation of the project, the waterway condition has been obviously improved and the regulation effect is good. It is proved that the combination of shallow dredging and deep trough submersible dam construction in Shichuan suspension bridge beach section is scientific. (3) based on the measured data of water level and velocity of water in Shichuan suspending bridge beach, the mathematical model of planar two-dimensional flow is established and verified. Using the established mathematical model, the factors of water flow before and after regulation are calculated and analyzed: after the regulation, the water surface line of the reach is more smooth, and the drop of longitudinal and transverse ratio is smaller than that of natural state. The flow velocity is controlled within the standard range and the flow state is smooth, which is beneficial to the navigation and docking of ships. The variation of the surface line, aspect ratio, velocity and flow state of the river reach is in good agreement with the results of the river engineering model test.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV143;TV85
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前6条
1 姚仕明,张玉琴,李会云;实体模型变率研究[J];长江科学院院报;1999年05期
2 窦国仁,董凤舞,窦希萍,李y斃
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