南四湖生态湿地型蓄滞洪区可持续发展评价研究

发布时间：2018-11-25 13:43

【摘要】：南四湖蓄滞洪区是淮河流域蓄滞洪区的重要组成部分，区内启用标准较低，群众生产、生活不稳定，经济发展缓慢。与此同时，南四湖流域湿地面积逐年减少，采煤塌陷地面积增加，生态环境彰显脆弱。在蓄滞洪区运用与发展矛盾激化的背景下，探讨蓄滞洪区合理的发展模式，具有重要意义。本文通过建立南四湖蓄滞洪区可持续发展的评价指标体系，对蓄滞洪区的可持续发展水平进行了评价研究，找出了南四湖蓄滞洪区现有影响可持续发展的因素，提出了相应的改进对策。并在洪水资源化思想指导下，提出了把蓄滞洪区建设、生态湿地建设和采煤塌陷地治理相结合的思路构建蓄滞洪区可持续发展模式，建立了南四湖特有的生态湿地型蓄滞洪区建设模式，对于改善南四湖生态环境，缓解水资源短缺矛盾意义重大。主要研究内容有：（1）从复合系统角度出发，建立了蓄滞洪区复合系统，并选取了防洪、社会、经济、环境、资源、人口六个方面的指标，建立了南四湖蓄滞洪区可持续发展评价指标体系。利用层次分析法确定指标的权重系数，运用模糊综合评价法对南四湖三段蓄滞洪区进行了评价，由评价结果可知，，泗河～青山段、界河～城郭河和新薛河～郗山三段蓄滞洪区可持续发展水平隶属度均在0.7以下，可持续发展水平均为一般，可持续发展程度整体不高。（2）对南四湖蓄滞洪区进行了风险区划研究，运用经验公式法和数值计算法计算出了三段蓄滞洪区的淹没风险度，作为可持续发展评价指标体系中的一个重要指标。由湖东滞洪区风险区划结果知该区以轻度风险为主，轻度风险区面积为167.06km2，人口为7.65万人，滞洪面积占总滞洪区面积的64.6%。（3）针对可持续发展评价结果，分析了影响蓄滞洪区可持续发展的因素，并提出控制区内人口规模、调整蓄滞洪区内部结构、促进产业结构调整、注重蓄滞洪区生态环境保护等对策，针对蓄滞洪区风险区划制定了相应的安全建设方案。（4）结合生态湿地型蓄滞洪区的特点，提出了相机利用汛期洪水进行湿地修复和采煤塌陷地治理的思路，并综合生态湿地保护、采煤塌陷地治理、蓄滞洪区建设、防洪标准提高等目标，提出了建立“防洪—生态—经济”的可持续发展模式。
[Abstract]:The flood storage and detention area of Nansihu Lake is an important part of the flood storage and detention area in the Huaihe River basin. The operating standard in the area is low, the mass production is unstable, the life is unstable, and the economic development is slow. At the same time, the wetland area of Nansihu Lake Basin decreases year by year, the area of coal mining subsidence increases, and the ecological environment is fragile. Under the background of intensified contradiction between application and development of flood storage and detention area, it is of great significance to discuss the reasonable development mode of flood storage and detention area. By establishing the evaluation index system of the sustainable development of the flood storage and detention area in Nansihu Lake, this paper evaluates and studies the sustainable development level of the flood storage and detention area, and finds out the factors that affect the sustainable development of the flood storage and detention area in Nansihu Lake. The corresponding improvement countermeasures are put forward. Under the guidance of flood resources, the paper puts forward the idea of combining the construction of flood storage and detention area, the construction of ecological wetland and the treatment of coal mining subsidence land to construct the sustainable development model of flood storage and detention area. The construction model of ecological wetland type flood storage and detention area in Nansihu Lake is established, which is of great significance for improving the ecological environment of Nansihu Lake and alleviating the contradiction of water resources shortage. The main research contents are as follows: (1) from the angle of composite system, the composite system of flood storage and detention area is established, and the indexes of flood control, society, economy, environment, resources and population are selected. The evaluation index system of sustainable development in the flood storage and detention area of Nansihu Lake was established. The weight coefficient of the index is determined by AHP, and the flood storage and detention area of the third section of Nansihu Lake is evaluated by the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. From the result of the evaluation, it can be seen that the section of Sihe to Qingshan reaches, The level of sustainable development of the flood storage and detention areas in the third section of Jiehe to Chengguo River and Xinxue River to Xishan is below 0.7, the level of sustainable development is general, and the degree of sustainable development is not high as a whole. (2) the risk regionalization of the flood storage and detention area in Nansihu Lake is studied. The inundation risk degree of the three-stage flood storage and detention area is calculated by using empirical formula method and numerical calculation method, which is regarded as an important index in the evaluation index system of sustainable development. According to the result of risk regionalization in Hudong flood detention area, the main risk is light risk. The area of light risk area is 167.06 km2, the population is 76500, and the area of flood detention accounts for 64.6% of the total area of flood detention area. (3) according to the evaluation results of sustainable development, the factors influencing the sustainable development of flood storage and detention area are analyzed, and the population scale in the control area is put forward, the internal structure of the flood storage and detention area is adjusted, and the industrial structure adjustment is promoted. Based on the countermeasures of ecological environment protection in flood storage and detention area, the corresponding safety construction scheme is established for risk zoning of flood storage and detention area. (4) combined with the characteristics of ecological wetland type flood storage and detention area, this paper puts forward the idea of using flood in flood season to repair wetland and coal mining subsidence land, and synthesizes ecological wetland protection, coal mining subsidence land treatment and flood storage and detention area construction. The aim of raising flood control standard is to establish a sustainable development model of flood control-ecology-economy.
【学位授予单位】：济南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV873

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