水力发电机组轴系振动特性及其对厂房振动的影响

发布时间：2018-12-14 19:40

【摘要】：水力发电机组振动是影响水电站运行安全的重要因素,其振动特性是机组结构设计、控制设计、以及水电站厂房结构优化设计的重要基础数据。对水电站厂房和水力发电机组的振源进行分析,提取水力机组轴系振动参数的振荡特性,进而分析机组和厂房结构耦合的相关关系,为机组和厂房结构的优化设计和振动控制提供理论指导和技术依据,具有一定的科学价值和工程意义。本文的主要研究内容如下： (1)建立水力发电机组轴系振动特性所需的系统模型。模型的主要构成有：弹性水击单机单管水力系统模型和IEEE Working Group系列模型演化得到的五阶水轮机模型、单机无穷大系统三阶发电机模型、水力发电机组轴系振动暂态模型、典型的PID调速器控制系统模型和PI励磁控制器模型。 (2)对本文采用振荡特性提取方法——Prony算法进行简单介绍,并验证该方法的适用性。 (3)对水力、机械和电气原因引起水力发电机组轴系振动的情况进行简要描述。重点分析了水力因素对水力发电机组轴系振动的影响,并采用Prony方法提取轴系振动特性,进而分析水力因素中压力脉动不同幅值和频率对水力发电机组轴系振动的影响。 (4)研究水力发电机组轴系中的发电机转子导轴承刚度和阻尼系数、水轮机转轮水导轴承刚度和阻尼系数对水力发电机组轴系振动的影响。 (5)通过比较计算和仿真结果,分析水力机组振动与水电站厂房振动之间的关系,探讨水力发电机组轴系振动对水电站厂房的影响,为以后的水电站厂房、水轮发电机组的抗振设计提供有益的参考。
[Abstract]:The vibration of hydroelectric generating units is an important factor affecting the operation safety of hydropower stations. Its vibration characteristics are the important basic data of unit structure design, control design, and optimization design of hydropower plant structure. The vibration source of hydropower plant and hydroelectric generating unit is analyzed, and the oscillation characteristics of shafting vibration parameters of hydraulic unit are extracted, and the correlation relationship between unit and powerhouse structure coupling is analyzed. It is of scientific value and engineering significance to provide theoretical guidance and technical basis for optimal design and vibration control of unit and powerhouse structure. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the system model of shafting vibration characteristic of hydrogenerator unit is established. The main components of the model are as follows: the model of single pipe hydraulic system of elastic water hammer and the model of IEEE Working Group series, the model of three-order generator of single machine infinite bus system, the transient model of shafting vibration of hydrogenerator unit. Typical PID governor control system model and PI excitation controller model. (2) the Prony algorithm, which is used to extract the oscillation characteristics, is introduced in this paper, and the applicability of the method is verified. (3) briefly describe the vibration of shafting caused by hydraulic, mechanical and electrical reasons. The influence of hydraulic factors on shafting vibration of hydroelectric generating units is analyzed emphatically, and the vibration characteristics of shafting are extracted by Prony method, and the influence of different amplitude and frequency of pressure pulsation on shafting vibration of hydroelectricity generating units is analyzed. (4) the influence of the stiffness and damping coefficient of generator rotor guide bearing and the hydraulic turbine runner bearing stiffness and damping coefficient on the shaft system vibration of hydrogenerator unit is studied. (5) by comparing the results of calculation and simulation, the relationship between the vibration of hydraulic unit and the vibration of hydropower plant is analyzed, and the influence of shafting vibration of hydropower unit on the power house of hydropower station is discussed. The anti-vibration design of hydrogenerator provides a useful reference.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV734

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