冲刷过程中岸坡条件对塌岸淤床交互作用影响的试验研究

发布时间：2018-12-15 04:28

【摘要】：天然情况下,不同的岸坡坡度及岸坡土体组成将会共同影响岸坡稳定性及崩岸的发生。本文在弯道水槽中开展系列试验,分析不同的岸坡条件对岸坡稳定性以及崩塌体与河床交互作用所产生的影响。试验结果表明:岸坡崩塌及崩塌体的分解输移与近岸水流的紊动能关系密切。水流冲刷过程中岸坡破坏是水流淘刷岸坡坡脚、岸坡崩塌及崩塌体淤积坡脚并在河床上输移的反复循环过程,无论岸坡是黏性土组成还是非黏性土组成,坡脚附近河床并没有与崩塌土体发生掺混。在岸坡形态、河床组成及水力条件相同的情况下,黏性岸坡坡脚处河床冲刷量明显大于非黏性岸坡坡脚处河床冲刷量;黏性岸坡崩塌量小于非黏性岸坡崩塌量。在岸坡材料相近、河床组成及水力条件相同的情况下,较陡岸坡经水流淘刷后更易失稳,岸坡冲刷崩塌量及崩塌物质在河床上的淤积量明显大于较缓岸坡情况。研究结果初步揭示了不同岸坡条件对塌岸淤床交互作用的影响,可用于指导河道岸坡防护及河道整治规划。
[Abstract]:Naturally, different slope gradient and soil composition will affect the stability of bank slope and the occurrence of bank collapse. In this paper, a series of tests are carried out in the bend flume to analyze the influence of different slope conditions on the slope stability and the interaction between collapse and riverbed. The experimental results show that the decomposition and transport of slope collapse and collapse body are closely related to the turbulent energy of near-shore flow. The failure of bank slope in the course of water scouring is the repeated circulation process of slope foot, slope collapse and silt accumulation and transportation on the riverbed, whether the slope is composed of clay or non-clay soil. The riverbed near the foot of the slope is not mixed with the collapsing soil. Under the condition of the same slope shape, river bed composition and hydraulic conditions, the amount of erosion at the foot of the viscous slope is obviously larger than that at the foot of the non-viscous slope, and the amount of the collapse of the viscous slope is smaller than that of the non-viscous slope. When the slope material is similar and the river bed composition and hydraulic conditions are the same, the steeper bank slope is more vulnerable to instability after scouring and scouring, and the amount of erosion collapse and the deposition of collapse material on the river bed are obviously larger than those on the gentle bank slope. The results reveal the influence of different slope conditions on the interaction of sloughing and silting bed, which can be used to guide river slope protection and channel regulation planning.
【作者单位】：武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点试验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(51339001);国家自然科学基金资助项目(11472198)
【分类号】：TV147

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