水电站地下洞室群通风网络关键部位的流动阻力特性研究
发布时间：2018-12-18 12:31
【摘要】：上世纪末以来，水电站建设在中国蓬勃发展，我国建成的三峡水电站、小湾水电站、龙滩水电站、水布垭水电站，以及在建的白鹤滩水电站，，都在不同方面居世界第一。近年来地下水电站的建设尤为突出。尽管如此，水电站厂房内热湿环境调控理论与技术应用却相对滞后，当前巨型地下电站暖通空调系统的设计方法存在着很多局限性。其中对关键通道的气流运动特性和阻力特性参数取值不准确，造成设备选型与实际需求不匹配，是地下水电站暖通空调技术局限性的主要体现之一。厂房通风作为水电站建设的重要环节，其直接影响各洞室的热环境状况和气流组织效果。因此，我们有必要对其关键通道的气流流动阻力特性参数的取值进行研究，这样才能准确进行设备选型，避免热湿环境失调和能源浪费。本文是国家自然科学基金资助面上项目（51178482）“深埋地下水电站热湿环境形成机理与节能调控”的研究内容之一。 本文首先以BHT水电站为例，通过分析其地下洞室群通风网络的空气流程，找出了水电站地下洞室群通风网络的关键通道，分别是进排风通道、夹墙风道（预埋风管）、主变室、母线洞。然后采用相似模型试验的方法对BHT水电站进风道的9个关键部位进行了实验研究，得出了弯头、三通、四通（两进两出）构件形式的局部阻力系数，各种形式下局部阻力系数ζ的变化情况，以及若干个三通、四通形式的局部阻力系数ζ与流量比Q2:Q3（四通流量比是Q3:Q4）之间的拟合关系。 本文接着用CFD数值模拟的方法对模型实验中的某个关键通道进行了流动特性研究，通过与实验结果对比分析，验证了CFD数值模拟方法对于研究水电站地下洞室群关键部位的通风气流流动特性的可行性和可靠性。而后采用CFD数值模拟的方法针对其他类型的关键部位进行了流动阻力特性的研究。①用数值模拟方法得到了若干个典型尺寸的夹墙风道预埋风管中两个转弯的局部阻力系数，并分析了预埋风管中的压力分布和速度分布。②由于时间关系，只对BHT水电站单个主变室进行了数值模拟研究，给出了其冷态下的阻抗值S，并拟合出阻抗值S与出风口面积A2的关系方程式。从而为其他地下水电站相似结构的主变室系统的通风设计计算提供参考价值。③用CFD方法模拟了BTH水电站母线洞的通风流动阻力特性，找出了母线洞内空气流动阻力产生的主要部位，并分析了其阻抗值S小的原因；以XW水电站母线洞为对象，模拟研究了阻抗值S随不同排风口面积A2的变化情况，并拟合出两者之间的关系方程式；以JP水电站母线洞排风系统为例，研究了排风口处风机动压损失对母线洞总阻力的影响。最后，得出了在以后我们计算单层（不设置楼梯口）、无防火风口设置的母线洞冷态下的通风阻力时，完全可以忽略空气流经母线洞内部设备段时的阻力，而只需采用风道的计算方法计算空气在排风管道中的流动阻力即可的结论，并提出降低母线洞阻力损失的方法。
[Abstract]:Since the end of the last century, the construction of the hydropower station has been booming in China, and the Three Gorges Hydropower Station, the Xiaowan Hydropower Station, the Longtan Hydropower Station, the Water-Buyi Hydropower Station and the Baihetan Hydropower Station, which are under construction, are the first in different ways. In recent years, the construction of underground hydropower station is particularly prominent. However, the control theory and technical application of the thermal and humidity environment in the power house of the hydropower station are relatively lagging, and there are many limitations in the design method of the HVAC system of the current giant underground power station. It is one of the main features of the limitation of the ventilation and air-conditioning technology in the underground hydropower station. The ventilation of the plant is an important part of the construction of the hydropower station, which directly influences the thermal environment and the effect of the air flow. Therefore, it is necessary to study the value of the flow resistance characteristic parameter of the gas flow of the key channel, so that the equipment selection can be carried out accurately, and the thermal and wet environment and energy waste can be avoided. This paper is one of the research contents of the 鈥淭he Forming Mechanism and Energy-saving Regulation of the Thermal and Wet Environment of the Deep-buried Underground Hydropower Station鈥
本文编号：2385852
[Abstract]:Since the end of the last century, the construction of the hydropower station has been booming in China, and the Three Gorges Hydropower Station, the Xiaowan Hydropower Station, the Longtan Hydropower Station, the Water-Buyi Hydropower Station and the Baihetan Hydropower Station, which are under construction, are the first in different ways. In recent years, the construction of underground hydropower station is particularly prominent. However, the control theory and technical application of the thermal and humidity environment in the power house of the hydropower station are relatively lagging, and there are many limitations in the design method of the HVAC system of the current giant underground power station. It is one of the main features of the limitation of the ventilation and air-conditioning technology in the underground hydropower station. The ventilation of the plant is an important part of the construction of the hydropower station, which directly influences the thermal environment and the effect of the air flow. Therefore, it is necessary to study the value of the flow resistance characteristic parameter of the gas flow of the key channel, so that the equipment selection can be carried out accurately, and the thermal and wet environment and energy waste can be avoided. This paper is one of the research contents of the 鈥淭he Forming Mechanism and Energy-saving Regulation of the Thermal and Wet Environment of the Deep-buried Underground Hydropower Station鈥
本文编号：2385852
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