多种U型渠道水力最优断面及应用
发布时间：2018-12-18 19:25
【摘要】：衬砌渠道有各种各样的断面形式,为了适应不同断面形式的装配式衬砌渠道的发展和应用,本文采用拉格朗日乘子法建立水力最优断面的数学模型,利用渠道均匀流的曼宁方程式,对U型渠道的四种断面形式(弧斜边形、椭圆直线形、抛物线形、悬链线形)水力最优断面进行了推导,得到当四种断面形式取得水力最优断面时,断面参数之间的关系。然后对四种断面形式的水力最优断面进行典型设计,使用对比优选的方法,得到设计时的最优排序,经对比可知：在设计时若以水力最优断面为基础,对四种U型渠道进行设计,在同一水流条件下(即过水流量,渠道纵向坡度,渠道糙率相等),圆弧斜边形渠道的过水断面面积最小,悬链线渠道的过水断面面积最大；悬链线渠道的过水断面水深最大,椭圆直线形渠道断面开挖深度最小；悬链线形渠道的断面水面宽度最大,圆弧斜边形渠道的断面水面宽度最小。同时也可以得到如下结论：悬链线形渠道断面过水断面面积、水深、水面宽度均为最大,在实际应用中不推荐使用(特殊情况除外)；圆弧斜边形、椭圆直线形渠道各有各的优势,若工程项目要求节约土地、减少土方开挖,优先推荐使用圆弧斜边形渠道,若工程项目开挖深度上有限制,优先推荐使用椭圆直线形渠道。各种断面的U型装配式渠道在应用时也同时需要在渠道纵向上进行设计,要求渠道在设计条件下工作时,渠道不发生冲淤或冲淤平衡且流态稳定。但是在应用中U型装配式渠道常因各种原因产生槽片间错动,造成渠道流态不稳发生冲淤,因此防止槽片错动也是也成为本文研究应用的重点。为减少槽片间错动,增强装配式渠道的整体性,本文参考市政工程中的混凝土排水管道连接构造原理,优化设计出承插式带肋U形混凝土渠道的连接构造,使其具有抗渗漏、防止了槽间错动、提高U形槽的抗弯承载力、增强渠道的纵向抗滑能力、经济适用等优点。
[Abstract]:Lining canal has various cross-section forms. In order to adapt to the development and application of prefabricated lining channel with different cross-section forms, the Lagrange multiplier method is used to establish the mathematical model of hydraulic optimal section in this paper. Based on the Manning equation of uniform flow in the channel, the hydraulic optimal section of U-shaped channel (arc bevel, elliptical straight line, parabola, catenary) is derived. The relationship between the parameters of the section is obtained when the hydraulic optimum section is obtained by four cross-section forms. Then the typical design of the hydraulic optimum section of four kinds of section forms is carried out, and the optimal order of the design time is obtained by using the method of contrast optimum selection. By comparison, we can know that if the hydraulic optimum section is used as the basis of the design, Four kinds of U-shaped channels are designed. Under the same flow conditions (i.e., overwater flow, channel longitudinal slope, channel roughness is equal), the cross section area of circular arc inclined channel is the smallest, and that of catenary channel is the largest. The depth of cross section of catenary channel is the largest, the depth of excavation of elliptical linear channel is the smallest, and the width of catenary channel is the largest, and that of circular arc inclined channel is the smallest. At the same time, the following conclusions can be obtained: the cross section area, water depth and water surface width of catenary channel section are the largest, which is not recommended in practical application (except for special cases); If the project requires saving land and reducing earthwork excavation, the preferred use of circular arc slanting channel, if the excavation depth of the project is limited, Preferred use of elliptical straight channel. At the same time, the U-shaped prefabricated channel with various cross-sections needs to be designed in longitudinal direction, which requires that there is no erosion and siltation or balance of scour and deposition and steady flow state when the channel works under the design conditions. However, in the application of U-shaped fabricated channel, inter-slot dislocation is often caused by various reasons, resulting in channel flow instability occurred scour and deposition, so the prevention of slot plate dislocation is also the focus of this research and application. In order to reduce the dislocation between slots and enhance the integrity of the assembled channel, this paper, referring to the principle of connection construction of the concrete drainage pipe in municipal engineering, optimizes the design of the connecting structure of the bearing type U-shaped concrete channel with ribs, so that it has anti-leakage. It has the advantages of preventing the dislocation between the slots, improving the bending capacity of the U-shaped groove, enhancing the longitudinal anti-slide ability of the channel, and being economical and applicable.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TV133
本文编号：2386380
[Abstract]:Lining canal has various cross-section forms. In order to adapt to the development and application of prefabricated lining channel with different cross-section forms, the Lagrange multiplier method is used to establish the mathematical model of hydraulic optimal section in this paper. Based on the Manning equation of uniform flow in the channel, the hydraulic optimal section of U-shaped channel (arc bevel, elliptical straight line, parabola, catenary) is derived. The relationship between the parameters of the section is obtained when the hydraulic optimum section is obtained by four cross-section forms. Then the typical design of the hydraulic optimum section of four kinds of section forms is carried out, and the optimal order of the design time is obtained by using the method of contrast optimum selection. By comparison, we can know that if the hydraulic optimum section is used as the basis of the design, Four kinds of U-shaped channels are designed. Under the same flow conditions (i.e., overwater flow, channel longitudinal slope, channel roughness is equal), the cross section area of circular arc inclined channel is the smallest, and that of catenary channel is the largest. The depth of cross section of catenary channel is the largest, the depth of excavation of elliptical linear channel is the smallest, and the width of catenary channel is the largest, and that of circular arc inclined channel is the smallest. At the same time, the following conclusions can be obtained: the cross section area, water depth and water surface width of catenary channel section are the largest, which is not recommended in practical application (except for special cases); If the project requires saving land and reducing earthwork excavation, the preferred use of circular arc slanting channel, if the excavation depth of the project is limited, Preferred use of elliptical straight channel. At the same time, the U-shaped prefabricated channel with various cross-sections needs to be designed in longitudinal direction, which requires that there is no erosion and siltation or balance of scour and deposition and steady flow state when the channel works under the design conditions. However, in the application of U-shaped fabricated channel, inter-slot dislocation is often caused by various reasons, resulting in channel flow instability occurred scour and deposition, so the prevention of slot plate dislocation is also the focus of this research and application. In order to reduce the dislocation between slots and enhance the integrity of the assembled channel, this paper, referring to the principle of connection construction of the concrete drainage pipe in municipal engineering, optimizes the design of the connecting structure of the bearing type U-shaped concrete channel with ribs, so that it has anti-leakage. It has the advantages of preventing the dislocation between the slots, improving the bending capacity of the U-shaped groove, enhancing the longitudinal anti-slide ability of the channel, and being economical and applicable.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TV133
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