水库库首水温分层流物理模型试验分析
发布时间：2018-12-29 15:28
【摘要】：大型水库由于水温分层现象易对生态环境造成一系列不利影响,但由于水深较大现场测量困难,水温分层的实测资料极少,对其研究尚不够深入。通过物理模型试验模拟并测量了春末夏初水库库首水温分层的形成和演化过程,分析了流量和出水口位置对水温在垂向和水平分布的影响。结果表明:1由于分层流流动的特点和水动力条件的差异,水温垂向结构在温度分层的演化过程中表现为多种形式。2垂向温差取决于上下游位置、入库流量和水库出水口的高度。通常在垂直方向上,上游温差要比下游大。随着进水口流量的增加和出口位置高度的提高,垂向温差也随之加大。3水平方向上的水温分布与水深、进水口流量和出水口高度有着密切联系。在水库的表面和中部位置,上游水温要高于下游水温。然而在特定条件下,如进水口流量较大且出口位置在表面时,上游水温要低于下游水温。4水流的出口温度受进水口流量和出水口位置的影响。较低的出水口位置会导致出水温度较低,在初始时段尤为明显。
[Abstract]:Because of the phenomenon of water temperature stratification in large reservoirs, a series of adverse effects on ecological environment are easily caused. However, because of the difficulty of field measurement of water depth, the measured data of water temperature stratification are very few, and the research on the stratification of water temperature is not deep enough. The formation and evolution of water temperature stratification at the head of reservoir in late spring and early summer were simulated and measured by physical model test. The effects of flow rate and outlet location on vertical and horizontal distribution of water temperature were analyzed. The results show that: (1) due to the characteristics of stratified flow and the difference of hydrodynamic conditions, the vertical structure of water temperature appears in many forms during the evolution of temperature stratification. 2 the vertical temperature difference depends on the position of upstream and downstream. The discharge of the reservoir and the height of the outlet of the reservoir. Generally, in the vertical direction, the upstream temperature difference is larger than the downstream. With the increase of inlet discharge and outlet height, the vertical temperature difference also increases. 3 the water temperature distribution in horizontal direction is closely related to water depth, inlet discharge and outlet height. At the surface and middle of the reservoir, the upstream water temperature is higher than the downstream water temperature. However, under certain conditions, if the inlet flow rate is large and the outlet position is on the surface, the upstream water temperature is lower than the downstream water temperature. 4 the outlet temperature of the water flow is affected by the inlet flow rate and the outlet position. The lower outlet position will lead to lower outlet temperature, especially in the initial period.
【作者单位】： 中央民族大学生命与环境科学学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51479218)
【分类号】：TV697.21
，
本文编号：2395000
[Abstract]:Because of the phenomenon of water temperature stratification in large reservoirs, a series of adverse effects on ecological environment are easily caused. However, because of the difficulty of field measurement of water depth, the measured data of water temperature stratification are very few, and the research on the stratification of water temperature is not deep enough. The formation and evolution of water temperature stratification at the head of reservoir in late spring and early summer were simulated and measured by physical model test. The effects of flow rate and outlet location on vertical and horizontal distribution of water temperature were analyzed. The results show that: (1) due to the characteristics of stratified flow and the difference of hydrodynamic conditions, the vertical structure of water temperature appears in many forms during the evolution of temperature stratification. 2 the vertical temperature difference depends on the position of upstream and downstream. The discharge of the reservoir and the height of the outlet of the reservoir. Generally, in the vertical direction, the upstream temperature difference is larger than the downstream. With the increase of inlet discharge and outlet height, the vertical temperature difference also increases. 3 the water temperature distribution in horizontal direction is closely related to water depth, inlet discharge and outlet height. At the surface and middle of the reservoir, the upstream water temperature is higher than the downstream water temperature. However, under certain conditions, if the inlet flow rate is large and the outlet position is on the surface, the upstream water temperature is lower than the downstream water temperature. 4 the outlet temperature of the water flow is affected by the inlet flow rate and the outlet position. The lower outlet position will lead to lower outlet temperature, especially in the initial period.
【作者单位】： 中央民族大学生命与环境科学学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51479218)
【分类号】：TV697.21
，
本文编号：2395000
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