玛尔挡水电站曲面贴角窄缝挑坎研究
发布时间：2018-12-30 15:59
【摘要】：为满足高坝建设的快速发展，解决大坝枢纽的消能防冲问题愈发重要，而解决消能防冲问题则离不开泄水建筑物的不断发展完善。曲面贴角窄缝挑坎是我国发明的一种典型挑流消能工，只在国内有着相关的研究及应用实例，因其独特的体型构造，有着良好的泄洪消能作用。目前，曲面贴角窄缝挑坎已经应用于国内多个大中型水利工程，但对曲面贴角窄缝挑坎的研究还较少，对曲面贴角窄缝挑坎的研究主要依赖于水力学模型试验。 为进一步研究曲面贴角窄缝挑坎的水力特性，，本文在整理分析已建的曲面贴角窄缝挑坎应用实例和相关研究成果的基础上，结合玛尔挡水电站水力学模型试验实际情况，对曲面贴角窄缝挑坎的体型构造、受力特征、水舌流态、消能机理、消能效果等方面进行了全面的分析。通过对曲面贴角窄缝挑坎分析，并将玛尔挡水电站与曲面贴角窄缝挑坎应用实例进行对比分析，确定将曲面贴角窄缝挑坎应用于玛尔挡水电站是可行的。通过体型的优化得出可以满足工程要求的优化曲面贴角窄缝挑坎，将优化曲面贴角窄缝挑坎与常规挑坎进行了体型、水舌形态、死水位水舌跨岸情况、下游河道冲刷、下游河床淤积体对电站尾水影响等多方面的对比分析，证实曲面贴角窄缝挑坎除具有传统窄缝挑坎的优点外，还具有边墙低、消能充分、稳定性及安全性好、水舌纵向横向较为分散、底槽水舌挑距稳定有利于跨岸、下游河道冲刷深度较浅等优点。文章最后对优化曲面贴角窄缝挑坎下三孔挑坎的起挑水位、下游河道的冲刷、下游河床淤积体对电站尾水的影响及下游岸坡脉动压力试验结果进行了阐述，试验结果表明优化曲面贴角窄缝挑坎，可以满足坝高超过200米玛尔挡水电站泄洪消能方面的工程要求，对曲面贴角窄缝挑坎在高坝中的推广应用具有一定得借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:In order to meet the rapid development of high dam construction, it is more and more important to solve the problem of energy dissipation and scour prevention of dam hub, while the solution of energy dissipation and anti-scour problem can not be separated from the continuous development and perfection of drainage structures. As a typical energy dissipator invented in China, the curved surface angle gap with narrow slit has only been studied and applied in China. Because of its unique structure, it has a good function of flood discharge and energy dissipation. At present, curved angle narrow slit has been applied to many large and medium water conservancy projects in China, but the research on curved surface angle narrow slit is still less, and the research on curved surface sticking angle narrow slit is mainly dependent on hydraulic model test. In order to further study the hydraulic characteristics of curved surface sticking angle narrow slit, this paper, on the basis of sorting out and analyzing the application examples and related research results of the built curved surface sticking angle narrow slit, combined with the actual condition of hydraulic model test of Malp Hydropower Station. The shape structure, stress characteristics, water tongue flow state, energy dissipation mechanism and energy dissipation effect of the curved surface sticking angle narrow slit are analyzed in this paper. Based on the analysis of curved surface angle narrow slit gap and the comparison between the application examples of Maer block hydropower station and curved surface angle narrow seam cantilever, it is determined that it is feasible to apply the curved surface angle narrow slit ridge to Maer block hydropower station. According to the optimization of the shape, the optimized curved surface can meet the requirements of engineering. The optimized curved surface with the conventional slit is carried out by the shape, the form of the water tongue, the condition of the dead water level and the water tongue crossing the shore, and the downstream channel scouring. The comparison and analysis of the effect of the downstream riverbed silt on the tail water of the power station proves that the curved surface sticking angle narrow slit has the advantages of traditional narrow slit, low side wall, sufficient energy dissipation, good stability and safety. The longitudinal distribution of the water tongue is more dispersed, the bottom channel is stable and the depth of the downstream channel scour is shallower, so it is advantageous to cross the shore. At the end of the paper, the effect of the bottom three hole hoist, the scouring of the downstream channel, the sediment of the downstream river bed on the tail water of the power station and the test results of the fluctuating pressure on the downstream bank slope are described. The test results show that the optimized curved surface sticking angle narrow joint can meet the engineering requirements of flood discharge and energy dissipation of the dam more than 200 meters. It has certain reference significance for the popularization and application of the curved surface sticking angle narrow joint in the high dam.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV653;TV135.2
本文编号：2395793
[Abstract]:In order to meet the rapid development of high dam construction, it is more and more important to solve the problem of energy dissipation and scour prevention of dam hub, while the solution of energy dissipation and anti-scour problem can not be separated from the continuous development and perfection of drainage structures. As a typical energy dissipator invented in China, the curved surface angle gap with narrow slit has only been studied and applied in China. Because of its unique structure, it has a good function of flood discharge and energy dissipation. At present, curved angle narrow slit has been applied to many large and medium water conservancy projects in China, but the research on curved surface angle narrow slit is still less, and the research on curved surface sticking angle narrow slit is mainly dependent on hydraulic model test. In order to further study the hydraulic characteristics of curved surface sticking angle narrow slit, this paper, on the basis of sorting out and analyzing the application examples and related research results of the built curved surface sticking angle narrow slit, combined with the actual condition of hydraulic model test of Malp Hydropower Station. The shape structure, stress characteristics, water tongue flow state, energy dissipation mechanism and energy dissipation effect of the curved surface sticking angle narrow slit are analyzed in this paper. Based on the analysis of curved surface angle narrow slit gap and the comparison between the application examples of Maer block hydropower station and curved surface angle narrow seam cantilever, it is determined that it is feasible to apply the curved surface angle narrow slit ridge to Maer block hydropower station. According to the optimization of the shape, the optimized curved surface can meet the requirements of engineering. The optimized curved surface with the conventional slit is carried out by the shape, the form of the water tongue, the condition of the dead water level and the water tongue crossing the shore, and the downstream channel scouring. The comparison and analysis of the effect of the downstream riverbed silt on the tail water of the power station proves that the curved surface sticking angle narrow slit has the advantages of traditional narrow slit, low side wall, sufficient energy dissipation, good stability and safety. The longitudinal distribution of the water tongue is more dispersed, the bottom channel is stable and the depth of the downstream channel scour is shallower, so it is advantageous to cross the shore. At the end of the paper, the effect of the bottom three hole hoist, the scouring of the downstream channel, the sediment of the downstream river bed on the tail water of the power station and the test results of the fluctuating pressure on the downstream bank slope are described. The test results show that the optimized curved surface sticking angle narrow joint can meet the engineering requirements of flood discharge and energy dissipation of the dam more than 200 meters. It has certain reference significance for the popularization and application of the curved surface sticking angle narrow joint in the high dam.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV653;TV135.2
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