水压计用于河床冲刷的实时监测研究

发布时间：2019-01-21 09:33

【摘要】：台湾西部河川的中下游主河道均有严重下降的情况,台风、洪水侵袭期间由于水位和冲刷深度的变化严重影响桥梁安全。桥梁管理单位常以水位高程作为封桥决策的依据,这虽然简单,但缺乏强而有力的技术支撑。因此,在洪流冲击下仍能稳定应用冲刷深度监测系统十分重要。在国内外已实施的冲刷自动化观测方法中,仪器设备受河道冲淤形态、高含沙量、高盐度、装置固定困难和在现场布置时与施工发生冲突等局限,往往不能实时反映涉水桥基的局部冲刷性态。因此,研究引用苏通大桥冲刷监测技术,通过沉底式水压计对河床面与水位(水头)实时量测,比对相对水头差异,以求取冲刷面的深度。苏通大桥属泥砂质河床,研究桥段属卵砾石河段,但台湾地形狭长,河川坡陡、水流湍急,对于监测设备的建置与保存较苏通大桥更为困难。研究特别考虑适用于现场环境恶劣的土建工程安全监测,采用了坚固且密封的钢箍,使水压计能在长期监测过程中保持极高的可靠性与稳定性,并且可在恶劣环境中正常运作的监测仪器十分必要。
[Abstract]:The main rivers in the middle and lower reaches of the western Taiwan rivers have a serious decline. The bridge safety is seriously affected by the changes of water level and scour depth during typhoon and flood. The bridge management unit often takes the water level elevation as the basis for the decision of sealing bridge, which is simple, but lacks strong and powerful technical support. Therefore, it is very important to be able to apply scour depth monitoring system stably under flood impact. Among the automatic scour observation methods implemented at home and abroad, the instruments and equipments are limited by river channel scouring and silting, high sediment content, high salinity, difficulty in fixing the device and conflict with construction during site arrangement. The local scour behavior of wading bridge foundation is often not reflected in real time. Therefore, using the technology of erosion monitoring of Sutong Bridge, the river bed surface and the water level (head) are measured in real time by the bottom water pressure meter, and the difference of relative water head is compared to obtain the depth of the scour surface. Sutong Bridge is a muddy sandy river bed. The study section belongs to the gravel reach, but Taiwan has a long and narrow terrain, steep river slope and rapid water flow, so it is more difficult to build and preserve monitoring equipment than Sutong Bridge. In particular, the study takes into account the safety monitoring of civil engineering which is suitable for the adverse environment on the spot, and adopts firm and sealed steel hoops, which enables the hydraulic pressure gauge to maintain extremely high reliability and stability in the long term monitoring process, And it is very necessary that the monitoring instrument can operate normally in the bad environment.
【作者单位】：中原大学土木工程学系;
【基金】：高科技桥梁实时监测系统建置试办计划(No.9808)~~
【分类号】：TV149

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