基于反射波成像的堤坝隐患诊断技术研究

发布时间：2019-03-02 14:40

【摘要】：随着国家对于水利工程除险加固及病害整治的重视，堤坝隐患的诊断已经越来越迫切的需要出现更好的技术。在此背景之下，本文依托国家自然科学基金项目“基于三维波电场耦合全息成像的堤坝隐患诊断技术研究”，试图利用反射波这一特定波形对于堤坝隐患进行成像分析。分别就各向同性及横观各向同性两种介质类型对于堤坝隐患诊断技术进行研究：在各向同性的情况下，基于波速成像的原理开发出波速成像程序，通过建立数值计算模型来验证成像程序的准确性，并对其进行误差分析；在横观各向同性情况下，利用反射波程序对于堤坝隐患进行正演模拟研究。本文的主要工作如下：（1）对于堤坝的隐患进行类型和成因分析，主要包括坝基隐患及坝体隐患，分析了含渗漏通道、含不密实区域两种类型。通过对于土介质和土石复合介质两种堤坝介质类型来对于堤坝的波动传播特性进行了研究。结合工程实际，基于均质和心墙两种坝型提出了堤坝隐患的概化模型；（2）根据惠更斯原理、斯奈尔定律、费马原理、互易原理及Radon变换，改进后的最短路径射线追踪算法等正演理论，结合最小二乘正交分解法求解线性方程组的反演理论，利用反射波建立了各向同性介质堤坝隐患诊断的正、反演理论计算模型，并给出了程序编制及实现的具体过程；（3）利用所编程序对于均质和心墙两种坝型在（不含隐患、含渗漏通道、含不密实区域）三种条件下进行数值模型计算，分析反演图像与理论模型的差异，通过均质坝与心墙坝的对比、同种坝型内部不同隐患的对比、剖面与立面之间的对比、走时差异的对比，来对正、反演模型的可行性及可靠性进行验证；（4）利用反射波基于射线追踪原理及各向异性的波动理论对于横观各向同性介质堤坝隐患进行正演分析，对于各向异性介质的弹性波动方程，横观各向同性介质的Thomsen参数表征进行分析。结合各向异性特征，利用非线性反演和联合反演两种方法对于横观各向同性介质下的反演进行分析；（5）利用基于横观各向同性介质下的反射波成像技术建立理论模型进行计算，，分别从同种波形在不同入射角度情况下、不同波形在同种入射角对于堤坝（均质坝、心墙坝）隐患进行了正演分析。
[Abstract]:With the national attention to the reinforcement of water conservancy projects and the treatment of diseases, it is more and more urgent to have better technology for the diagnosis of hidden troubles of dykes and dams. Under this background, based on the project of National Natural Science Foundation of China, the paper attempts to analyze the hidden trouble of dyke with reflection wave, which is a specific wave, on the basis of the project of "three-dimensional wave electric field coupled holography diagnosis technology of dyke and dam hidden trouble". On the basis of isotropic and transversely isotropic media, the technology of dam hidden trouble diagnosis is studied. Under isotropic condition, a wave velocity imaging program based on the principle of wave velocity imaging is developed, which is based on the principle of wave velocity imaging, and the wave velocity imaging program is developed based on the principle of wave velocity imaging. The accuracy of the imaging program is verified by establishing the numerical calculation model, and the error analysis is carried out. Under the condition of transversely isotropic, the reflection wave program is used to simulate the hidden troubles of dykes and dams. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) the types and causes of hidden troubles of dykes are analyzed, mainly including hidden dangers of dam foundation and dam body, and two types of seepage channels and uncompacted areas are analyzed. The wave propagation characteristics of dikes are studied by means of two types of dike media: soil medium and earth-rock composite medium. Combined with the engineering practice, a generalized model of dam hidden danger is put forward based on two types of dam types, namely homogeneous dam type and core wall dam type. (2) according to Huygens' principle, Snell's law, Fermat's principle, reciprocity principle and Radon transform, the improved shortest path ray tracing algorithm, etc. Combined with the inversion theory of solving linear equations by the least square orthogonal decomposition method, the positive and inverse theoretical calculation models for the diagnosis of hidden troubles in isotropic dikes are established by using the reflected wave, and the concrete process of programming and realization is given. (3) using the program to calculate the numerical model of the two dam types (without hidden danger, seepage channel and undense area), and analyze the difference between the inversion image and the theoretical model, and analyze the difference between the inversion image and the theoretical model in the condition of three kinds of conditions (no hidden danger, leakage channel and undense area). Through the comparison between homogeneous dam and core-wall dam, the comparison of different hidden dangers inside the same dam type, the comparison between section and facade, and the contrast of walk-time difference, the feasibility and reliability of the model are verified. (4) the reflection wave theory based on ray tracing and anisotropic wave theory is used to analyze the hidden trouble of dyke in transversely isotropic medium, and the elastic wave equation of anisotropic medium is analyzed. The characterization of Thomsen parameters for transversely isotropic media is analyzed. Combined with anisotropic characteristics, two methods of nonlinear inversion and joint inversion are used to analyze the inversion in transversely isotropic medium. (5) the reflection wave imaging technique based on transversely isotropic medium is used to establish the theoretical model to calculate the dike (homogeneous dam) at the same incident angle from the same waveform at different incident angles. The hidden trouble of core-wall dam is analyzed by forward modeling.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV698.1;P631.4

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