基于SWAT模型的清漳河流域径流模拟研究

发布时间：2019-03-19 11:52

【摘要】：区域内分布式水文模型由于其考虑了各个水文要素的空间差异，使得其模拟降雨径流的结果更加接近于真实的结果，从而提高了水文模拟的精度。本文通过水文模型模拟了漳河上游区域的降雨径流形成过程，为漳河上游水资源的统一调度管理提供了科学的依据。选取漳河上游刘家庄水文站为流域出口，对该水文站所控制的水文区域进行了降雨径流分析的研究，主要研究内容和结论如下：首先，在归纳分布式模型类似研究学术成果的基础之上，，介绍了分布式水文模型理论性的物理基础、研究的基本方法和目前的发展趋势，具体阐明了Gis软件（地理信息系统）在流域水文相关参数的提取和水文过程演算上的实际应用情况。通过搜集大量的相关文献与数据资料，利用ArcGIS9.3软件对流域的数字高程图进行了相关的水文分析。通过分析比较，选择了美国农业部研发的SWAT（Soil and WaterAssessment Tool）模型作为本次研究的基本水文模型。其次，通过查阅相关文献、进行地图格式及坐标的转换、模型相关基础参数的计算等过程，构建起模型的相关数据库。进一步对DEM图进行河流边界的提取、汇流长度的计算、河网水系的提取、子流域的划分、模型数据的写入、模型参数的输入、模型参数的率定等，初步建立该研究区域的SWAT模型。最后，通过1981-2009年该区域的月径流进行模拟分析，将模型的校准期模拟结果与验证期结果进行分析比较，进一步进行模型的校正。探讨了漳河上游该研究区域降水径流的关系，以及模型在该区域的适用性。结果表明：SWAT模型在刘家庄水文站所控制研究区域具有一定的适用性，模型的模拟结果较为满意。同时，模型在少数年份的模拟结果存在偏差。
[Abstract]:The regional distributed hydrological model takes into account the spatial differences of various hydrological elements, which makes the simulation results of rainfall runoff more close to the real results, thus improving the accuracy of hydrological simulation. In this paper, the rainfall-runoff formation process in the upper reaches of Zhangzhou River is simulated by hydrological model, which provides a scientific basis for the unified operation and management of water resources in the upper reaches of the Zhangzhou River. Taking Liujiazhuang hydrologic station in the upper reaches of Zhanghe River as the outlet of the basin, the rainfall-runoff analysis of the hydrological region controlled by the hydrological station was carried out. The main contents and conclusions are as follows: firstly, On the basis of summarizing the academic achievements of similar research on distributed model, this paper introduces the physical basis of distributed hydrological model theory, the basic methods of research and the development trend of distributed hydrological model at present. The application of Gis software (Geographic Information system) in extraction of hydrological parameters and calculation of hydrological process in watershed is described in detail. By collecting a large number of relevant literature and data, the digital elevation map of watershed is analyzed by using ArcGIS9.3 software. Through the analysis and comparison, the SWAT (Soil and WaterAssessment Tool) model developed by USDA is selected as the basic hydrological model of this study. Secondly, the related database of the model is constructed by consulting the relevant documents, transforming the map format and coordinate, calculating the basic parameters of the model and so on. Further, the DEM diagram is used to extract the river boundary, calculate the confluence length, extract the river network system, divide the sub-basin, write the model data, input the model parameters, and rate the model parameters, etc. The SWAT model of the study area was established. Finally, through the simulation and analysis of the monthly radial flow in the region from 1981 to 2009, the results of the calibration period of the model are analyzed and compared with the results of the verification period, and the calibration of the model is further carried out. The relationship between precipitation and runoff in the study area of the upper reaches of Zhanghe River and the applicability of the model in this area are discussed. The results show that the SWAT model has some applicability in the research area controlled by Liujiazhuang Hydrology Station, and the simulation results of the model are satisfactory. At the same time, there is a deviation in the simulation results of the model in a few years.
【学位授予单位】：河北工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：P333

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